Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in a Pseudomonas putida Strain Isolated from a Hospital.docVIP

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Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in a Pseudomonas putida Strain Isolated from a Hospital.doc

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Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in a Pseudomonas putida Strain Isolated from a Hospital

AntibioticResistanceDeterminantsinaPseudomonas putidaStrainIsolatedfromaHospital La′zaroMolina1,2,3.,ZulemaUdaondo2.,EstrellaDuque2,MatildeFerna′ndez4,CarlosMolina-Santiago2, AmaliaRoca4,MarioPorcel2,Jesu′sdelaTorre2,AnaSegura2,PatrickPlesiat5,KatyJeannot5 ,Juan- LuisRamos2* 1LaboratoriodeInvestigacio′nyControlAgroalimentario,UniversidaddeHuelva,Huelva,Spain,2Estacio′nExperimentaldelZaid?′n,ConsejoSuperiordeInvestigaciones Cient?′ficas,Granada,Spain,3CentrodeInvestigacio′nenQu?′micaSostenible,UniversidaddeHuelva,Huelva,Spain, 4Bio-IliberisResearchandDevelopment,Peligros- Granada,Spain,5CentreHospitalierRe′gionalUniversitaire-Ho?pitalJeanMinjoz,Besanc?on, France Abstract Environmentalmicrobesharboranenormouspoolofantibioticandbiocideresistancegenesthatcanimpacttheresistance profilesofanimalandhumanpathogensviahorizontalgenetransfer.Pseudomonasputidastrainsareubiquitousinsoiland waterbuthavebeenseldomisolatedfromhumans.WehaveestablishedacollectionofP.putidastrainsisolatedfromin- patientsindifferenthospitalsinFrance.Oneoftheisolatedstrains(HB3267)killsinsectsandisresistanttothemajorityof theantibioticsusedinlaboratoriesandhospitals,includingaminoglycosides,?-lactams,cationicpeptides,chromoprotein enediyne antibiotics, dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors, fluoroquinolones and quinolones, glycopeptide antibiotics, macrolides,polyketidesandsulfonamides.SimilartootherP.putidaclinicalisolatesthestrainwassensitivetoamikacin.To shedlightonthebroadpatternofantibioticresistance,whichisrarelyfoundinclinicalisolatesofthisspecies,thegenome of this strain was sequenced and analysed. The study revealed that the determinants of multiple resistance are both chromosomally-borneaswellaslocatedonthepPC9plasmid.FurtheranalysisindicatedthatpPC9hasrecruitedantibiotic andbiocideresistancegenesfromenvironmentalmicroorganismsaswellasfromopportunisticandtruehumanpathogens. ThepPC9plasmidisnotself-transmissible,butcanbemobilizedbyotherbacterialplasmidsmakingitcapableofspreading an