Behavioral and Emotional Dynamics of Two People Struggling to Reach Consensus about a Topic on Which They Disagree.docVIP

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Behavioral and Emotional Dynamics of Two People Struggling to Reach Consensus about a Topic on Which They Disagree.doc

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Behavioral and Emotional Dynamics of Two People Struggling to Reach Consensus about a Topic on Which They Disagree

BehavioralandEmotionalDynamicsofTwoPeople StrugglingtoReachConsensusaboutaTopiconWhich TheyDisagree LeventKurt1*,KatharinaG.Kugler2,PeterT.Coleman3,LarryS.Liebovitch4 1DivisionofMathematicsandNaturalSciences,QueensCollege,CityUniversityofNewYork,Queens,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofPsychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨tMu¨nchen,Munich,Germany,3DepartmentofOrganizationandLeadership,InternationalCenterforCooperationandConflictResolution, Columbia University Teachers College, New York, New York, United States of America, 4Departments of Physics and Psychology, Dean Division of Mathematics and NaturalSciences,QueensCollege,CityUniversityofNewYork,Queens,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Westudiedthebehavioralandemotionaldynamicsdisplayedbytwopeopletryingtoresolveaconflict.59groupsoftwo peoplewereaskedtotalkfor20minutestotrytoreachaconsensusaboutatopiconwhichtheydisagreed.Thetopicswere abortion,affirmativeaction,deathpenalty,andeuthanasia.Behaviordataweredeterminedfromaudiorecordingswhere each second of the conversation was assessed as proself, neutral, or prosocial. We determined the probability density functionofthedurationsoftimespentineachbehavioralstate.Thesedurationswerewellfitbyastretchedexponential distribution, exp(kt{a) with an exponent, a, of approximately 0.3. This indicates that the switching between behavioral statesisnotarandomMarkovprocess,butonewheretheprobabilitytoswitchbehavioralstatesdecreaseswiththetime already spent in that behavioral state. The degree of this ‘‘memory’’ was stronger in those groups who did not reach a consensusandwheretheconflictgrewmoredestructivethaninthosethatdid.Emotiondataweremeasuredbyhaving each person listen to the audio recording and moving a computer mouse to recall their negative or positive emotional valenceateachmomentintheconversation.WeusedtheHurstrescaledrangeanalysisandpowerspectrumtodetermine thecorrelationsinthefluctuationsoftheemotionalvalence.Theemotionalvalencewaswelldescribedbyarandom