Chemical Compositions of.docVIP

American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2013, 4, 1653-1659 /10.4236/ajps.2013.48199 Published Online August 2013 (/journal/ajps) Chemical Compositions of Lonchocarpus cyanescens Benth., (Fabaceae)—Case Study of Its Volatile Oils, and Two Triterpenoids Dorcas Olufunke Moronkola , Ibrahim Adebayo Oladosu * Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. * Email: funkemoronkola@ Received April 5 , 2013; revised May 6 , 2013; accepted June 7 , 2013 th th th Copyright ? 2013 Dorcas Olufunke Moronkola, Ibrahim Adebayo Oladosu. This is an open access article distributed under the Crea- tive Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Leaf and stem essential oils of Lonchocarpus cyanescens Benth., (Fabaceae) were obtained by hydro-distillation, using all-glass apparatus adapted to British Pharmacopeia specifications with yields of 0.03% and 0.17% respectively. The oils were investigated by GC and GC-MS analyses. Results show seven compounds were responsible for 90.4% of leaf; eleven compounds responsible for 97.6% of stem volatile oils. Phytol (62.5%) and hexadecanoic acid (12.4%) dominate the leaf oil; octadecenoic (24.1%) and hexadecanoic acids (17.2%) are predominant in the stem oil. Phytochemical screening of stem, leaf, and root methanol extracts of Lonchocarpus cyanescens reveal presence of following seven classes of metabolites: saponin, tannin, steroid, terpenoid, cardiac glycosides, phlobatannins and flavonoids. Partition- ing of methanol extract from dried leaf of it with ethylacetate gave fraction, which was chromatographed using gradient elution. TLC with high Rf was used in monitoring elution. Two white crystalline solids eluted at 5% and 10% ethyletha- noate in hexane, were re