全球化时代的水法新思考水的法律性质反思.pdfVIP

《生态经济》第 30 卷第7 期(2014 年 7 月) Ecological Economy , Vo l. 30, No. 7 (July 2014) 全球化时代的水法新思号:水的法律性质反思 吴贤静 (深圳大学中国经济特区研究中心，广东深圳 518060) 摘要:我国水法的现实状况是水受国家主权控制、水法具有部门化性质和限制、国内水法和国际水法分立。当前水 法正在日益受到全球化和气候变化的挑战，水法应该在一个更为广阔的意义上重新思考，水的法律性质必须得到重 新理解。水是公共物品，是维系地球上所有生命存在的基本物质。在国内法层面，水资源性质可以理解为公共信托 对象，国家(政府〉受人民信托代为管理:在国际法层面，水被视为人类共同遗产，所有国家与水资源的保护和可 持续利用利益攸关。以水资源的法律性质反思为基础，我国水法需要转向更为综合的水法，这种转变不仅仅在国内 法层面，也在国际法层面。 关键词s 水法律性质1 全球水循环:公关信托;人类共同遗产 中图分类号: 0922.66 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1671-4407(2014)07-136-05 New Concepts on Water Law in the Era of Globalization: Reflection on the Legal Nature of Water WU Xîanjîng (China Center for Special Economic Zone Research , Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Guangdong 518060, China) Abstract: The basic framework and principle of water law is faced wíth the challenges of globalízation and climate change. However, the current realíty of water law is related as follows: water is controlled by state sovereignty, the abuse of private water ríghts , sector orientation and the discretíon between national and international water law. The water law should be consîdered on a broader sense, and the legal nature of water should be consídered. lts proper to consider the water as publîc goods and the basic substance for sustaining the human beings on the planet. In the national water law, the legal nature of water could be understood as the goods under the public trust , in whîch theory the governments manage water for the public în!erests of all the people. In the íntemational water law, water would be considered as the common herítage of human beîng. B