wastewater toxicity of tannin-versus chromium-based leather.pdfVIP

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 53, 321–328 (2007) DOI 10.1007/s00244-006-0181-5 Wastewater Toxicity of Tannin-Versus Chromium-Based Leather Tanneries in Marrakesh, Morocco E. De Nicola Æ S. Meric¸ Æ C. Della Rocca Æ M. Gallo Æ M. Iaccarino Æ P. Manini Æ D. Petruzzelli Æ V. Belgiorno Æ M. Cheggour Æ A. Di Gennaro Æ ¨ A. Moukrim Æ O. Tunay Æ G. Pagano Received: 19 August 2006 / Accepted: 25 February 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007 Abstract The toxicity of leather tanning wastewater inorganics were measured. A set of bioassays were used from a traditional tannery (TT), which is based on veg- to test wastewater toxicity in sea urchin (Paracentrotus etable tannin (VT), was compared with wastewater from a lividus) embryos and sperm, in Daphnia magna, and in tannery combining the use of chromium-based tanning marine microalgae (Dunaliella tertiolecta). Toxicity end (CT) with VT-based tanning operations. Wastewater points included: (1) developmental defects, embryonic samples from a TT and a CT plant as well as from five mortality, sperm fertilization success, and offspring sewer sampling points were collected in Marrakesh, damage in sea urchins; (2) D. magna immobilization; and Morocco, and the concentrations of VT and some selected (3) algal growth rate inhibition. Toxicity tests on TT and CT effluents (TTE and CTE) were run at dilutions rang- ing from 0.1% to 2% (sea urchins and algae) or up to E. De Nicola M. Iaccarino G. Pagano () 12% in D. magna. Parallel bioassays