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2017高考英语法复习系列第8讲
新课标高考总复习 北师大版 · 英语 及物与不及物 语态 时态 类别 及物动词 不及物 动词 主动 语态 被动 语态 主动语态 动 词 不 定 式 进行式(在谓语动作发生时正在进行) to be making to be going 完成式(发生在谓语动作之前) to have made to have been made to have gone 完成进行式(发生在谓语动作之前 并且一直持续到谓语动作发生时,仍在进行) to have been making to have been going 要点 典句示例 动 词 不 定 式 宾 语 不定式作宾语时,往往跟在某些及物动词后面。常见的有:afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish等 The boy pretended to have fallen asleep. They refused to take him back. 不定式在介词but,except,besides后面时,如果介词之前为动词do的某种形式,则后接不带to的不定式,否则带to。此外,cannot choose but和cannot help but,cannot but等后面的不定式也省略to We could do nothing but wait. We have no choice but to wait. We can’t choose but wait. 要点 典句示例 动 词 不 定 式 宾 语 不定式作动词的宾语,其后跟补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而把不定式后置 I make it a rule to do tai chi every morning. tell,show,understand,know,explain,teach,advise,discuss等动词可跟“疑问词+不定式”。“疑问词+不定式”也可作主语、表语,相当于名词性从句 He showed us how to do the work. What to do hasn’t been decided. 要点 典句示例 动 词 不 定 式 定 语 不定式和所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,如果不定式是不及物动词,后面就要有相应的介词 I have a meeting to attend. He has a nice pen to write with. 不定式与被修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系 She is always the first to come to school. 说明所修饰的名词的内容,与该词存在同位关系。常用于chance,opportunity,time,money,decision,refusal,wish,right等词后 I must keep the promise to pay within a month. 要点 典句示例 动 词 不 定 式 宾语补足语 不定式常用在下列动词后作宾补,如:advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,teach,tell,order,urge,cause,invite,want,warn,oblige等 Parents want their children to develop fully. 动词不定式作动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice,observe等感官动词以及have,let,make等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时,不定式符号to要省略。但如果这些句子变成被动结构时,必须带to I heard my neighbour lock the door. I will have all my friends come over this weekend. My neighbour was heard to lock the door. 要点 典句示例 动 词 不 定 式 状 语 动词不定式作状语时,表示目的、结果、原因等 She did all she could to save him. They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. I am glad to hear the good news. 目的状语还可以用in
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