中国生物质能源发展前景及就业形势.doc

中国生物质能源发展前景 张裕才 华南农业大学 工程学院 能源专业 201231170128 摘要：当前世界正面临着严重的化石能源危机，生物质能源发展已受到越来越多国家的关注。文章综述了生物质能源的原料问题、生物质能源的利用形式、开发生物质能源的相关技术现状、生物质能源的现实运用、生物质能源专业的就业前景等问题，分析了我国生物质能源产业发展中出现的一些问题。目前，中国的生物质能源生产已经形成一定规模，国家也通过制定行业标准规范生物质能源生产，出台法律法规为其提供保障，并运用财税政策推进生物质能源产业发展。但是，中国生物质能源产业发展还面临原料资源短缺、生物质能源工业体系不完备、研究开发能力不足、产业化基础薄弱以及产品市场竞争力不高等问题。展望未来，中国生物质能源产业的发展空间广阔，技术将不断完善，它将改变中国现有的能源消费结构，净化环境，并推动农村经济发展。 关键词：中国；生物质能源；发展现状；存在的问题 China biomass energy development prospects Zhang Yucai，South China Agricultural University，College of engineering, energy professionals 201231170128 Abstract: at present, the world is facing a serious of fossil energy crisis, the development of biomass energy has been paid more and more attention. In this paper the problem of raw materials of biomass energy, biomass energy utilization, the development of biomass energy, biomass energy technology in the practical use of biomass energy, professional employment prospects, analyzes some problems of the biomass energy industry development in china. At present,Chinese biomass energy production has formed a certain scale, countries through the development of biomass energy production industry standards, laws and regulations to protect it, and the use of fiscal policy to promote the industrial development of biomass energy. However, China biomass energy industry development is facing shortage of raw material resources, biomass energy industry system is not complete, research and development ability is insufficient,industrial foundation is weak and the market competitiveness of the products is not high. Looking to the future, the development of space China biomass energy industry wide, technology will continue to improve, it will change China existing energy consumption structure, purifying environment, and promote rural economic development. Keywords: China; biomass energy; development status; existing problems 1　生物质能量及生物质能源树种 1.1 概 况 生物质能是指蕴藏在生物质中的能量, 主要由绿色植物通过叶绿素将太阳能转化为化学能而贮存在生物质内部的能量。煤、石油和天然气等化石能源也是由生物质能间接转变而来