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Front.Econ.China2014,9(2):261-284
DOI10.3868/s060.003—014—0014—5
HaoChen,JianweiChen
TheGender-BiasedEmploymentE仟l1rectOOft
EExxppoorrtts:EEvviiddeenncceeftrrOOmm Cbhiinnaa
Abstract Trladitionalinternationaltrade theoriesbelieve exporttradehasa
positiveeffectonemploymentwhichmeansexportswouldincreasethelevelof
employment with no difference between genders. Based on enterprise
heterogeneity,however,thenew.tradetheoriesdoubtthisconclusion.Usingthe
Chineseindustrialenteprrisedatabase(2006—2009),thispaperreexaminesthe
relationshipbe eenexportvolumeandthelevelofemployment.anddiscusses
differenteffectsofexportsontheemploymentofdifferentgenders.Welfindthat
althoughexportsincreasethetotallevelofemployment,enterprises’exportshave
aprominentnegativeeffectontheemploymentofwomen.ThisprovesthatitiS
hardtooptimizeemploymentstructurethroughthepromotionofforeigntrade,
evenifitimprovestheoveralllevelofemployment.
Keywords screening-matching model, enterprise heterogeneity, gender
differences
JELClassificatiOn C51,E24,F16
1 lntroduction
To identify the source ofunemployment is an importanttask for both
researchersandpolicymakersalike.Therecentdebateaboutwhetherexports
increaseunemploymenthasunderscoredtheimportance.Basedonthe “Philips
curve,’’therearesometraditionalinternationaltradetheoriesthatsupportthe
view thatexportshaveapositiveeffectonemployment.Thatistosay,export
ReceivedJune15,2013
HaoChen(圜)
Institute ofInternationalEconomy,University ofInternationalBusiness and Economics,
Beijing100029,China
E—mail:hchen1987@163.tom
JianweiChen
MOE—UIBEofEducationandEconomyResearch,Universiyt ofInternationalBusinessand
Economics,Beijing100029,China
E—mail:chenjianwei04@aliyun.com
262 HaoChen,JianweiChen
trade promotes economic growth, increasing output, and SO reducing
unemployment.However,severalauthorshaveargued thatifthematching
process between vacancies and unemployed workers were disturbed
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