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The Gender-Biased Employment Effect of Exports: Evidence from China.pdfVIP

The Gender-Biased Employment Effect of Exports: Evidence from China.pdf

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Front.Econ.China2014,9(2):261-284 DOI10.3868/s060.003—014—0014—5 HaoChen,JianweiChen TheGender-BiasedEmploymentE仟l1rectOOft EExxppoorrtts:EEvviiddeenncceeftrrOOmm Cbhiinnaa Abstract Trladitionalinternationaltrade theoriesbelieve exporttradehasa positiveeffectonemploymentwhichmeansexportswouldincreasethelevelof employment with no difference between genders. Based on enterprise heterogeneity,however,thenew.tradetheoriesdoubtthisconclusion.Usingthe Chineseindustrialenteprrisedatabase(2006—2009),thispaperreexaminesthe relationshipbe eenexportvolumeandthelevelofemployment.anddiscusses differenteffectsofexportsontheemploymentofdifferentgenders.Welfindthat althoughexportsincreasethetotallevelofemployment,enterprises’exportshave aprominentnegativeeffectontheemploymentofwomen.ThisprovesthatitiS hardtooptimizeemploymentstructurethroughthepromotionofforeigntrade, evenifitimprovestheoveralllevelofemployment. Keywords screening-matching model, enterprise heterogeneity, gender differences JELClassificatiOn C51,E24,F16 1 lntroduction To identify the source ofunemployment is an importanttask for both researchersandpolicymakersalike.Therecentdebateaboutwhetherexports increaseunemploymenthasunderscoredtheimportance.Basedonthe “Philips curve,’’therearesometraditionalinternationaltradetheoriesthatsupportthe view thatexportshaveapositiveeffectonemployment.Thatistosay,export ReceivedJune15,2013 HaoChen(圜) Institute ofInternationalEconomy,University ofInternationalBusiness and Economics, Beijing100029,China E—mail:hchen1987@163.tom JianweiChen MOE—UIBEofEducationandEconomyResearch,Universiyt ofInternationalBusinessand Economics,Beijing100029,China E—mail:chenjianwei04@aliyun.com 262 HaoChen,JianweiChen trade promotes economic growth, increasing output, and SO reducing unemployment.However,severalauthorshaveargued thatifthematching process between vacancies and unemployed workers were disturbed

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