太阳能电池的分类及其技术特点的研究要点.docxVIP

太阳能电池的分类及其技术特点的研究摘要太阳能，一般是指太阳光的辐射能量，在现代一般用作发电。太阳能的利用有被动式利用（光热转换）和光电转换两种方式。太阳能发电一种新兴的可再生能源。太阳能作为取之不尽同时又是生态学上纯净的能源，对它的开发利用在近几十年来越来越受到人们的重视。本论文在综合分析太阳能电池基本理论、类型、制备工艺、技术水平等现状的基础上，主要进行了以下几个方面的工作:1、研究太阳能电池的分类标准及新型太阳能电池2、对硅太阳能电池的基本特性进行了实验研究，在此基础上对三种太阳能电池（单晶、多晶、非晶硅太阳能电池）进行比较分析。单晶硅电池的特点是正午强光直射时发电效率最高，其他时间发电效率较低，其成本比较高；非晶硅电池的特点是成本较低、弱光响应特性好，在上下午或阴天都有稳定的发电效率，然而在正午强光直射下，发电效率低；多晶硅电池的成本比较低，发电效率比较高。如果能将三种电池混合使用，使其优势互补，效果将会更好。3、重点研究了太阳能电池最大功率跟踪技术，采用脉宽调制的方法实现太阳能电池的最大功率跟踪。研制的太阳能电池最大功率跟踪控制器在太阳能电池行业得到了广泛的应用。关键词：太阳能电池,半导体,光伏技术,最大功率跟踪AbstractSolar Energy, generally refers to the suns radiant energy, normally used in modern power generation. The use of solar can be divided into energy passive use (thermal conversion) and the photoelectric conversion. Solar power is a new renewable energy.Solar energy is deemed to be never exhausted and ecological pure resource. The exploitation and usage of solar energy has attracted more and more people’s attention in the past several decades.This paper analyzes the solar cells’ basic theory、types、the process principle、technology generally. The research mainly includes the following aspects：1、Study the solar cell of the classification criteria and a new type of solar cell.2、Investigated the basic characteristic of the silicon solar cells （ including monocrystal silicon、polycystic silicon、amorphous silicon solar cell）, the experiments are done. At noon, the light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of the single crystal silicon solar cell is highest in the tested solar cells, but at the other time the efficiency is low; the amorphous silicon solar cell works steadily except at noon; the single crystal silicon’s cost is high, but the amorphous silicon’s cost is low. On the other hand the polycrystal silicon’s energy conversion efficiency is higher, and its cost is less expensive. So if take three solar cells together, their merits may complement each other.3、The maximum power point tracking technique of solar cells is studied emphasisly. The maximum p