A Multi-Population Consensus Genetic Map Reveals Inconsistent Marker Order among Maps Likely Attributed to Structural Variations in the Apple Genome 英文参考文献.docVIP

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A Multi-Population Consensus Genetic Map Reveals Inconsistent Marker Order among Maps Likely Attributed to Structural Variations in the Apple Genome 英文参考文献.doc

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A Multi-Population Consensus Genetic Map Reveals Inconsistent Marker Order among Maps Likely Attributed to Structural Variations in the Apple Genome 英文参考文献

AMulti-PopulationConsensusGeneticMapReveals InconsistentMarkerOrderamongMapsLikelyAttributed toStructuralVariationsintheAppleGenome MuhammadAwaisKhan1,YuepengHan2,YoufuFrankZhao3,MichelaTroggio4,SchuylerS.Korban1* 1Department of Natural Resources Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America, 2Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Moshan, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, 3Department of Crop Sciences,UniversityofIllinois,Urbana,Illinois,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4IstitutoAgrarioSanMicheleall’AdigeResearchandInnovationCentre,FoundationEdmund Mach,Trento,Italy Abstract Geneticmapsserveasframeworksfordeterminingthegeneticarchitectureofquantitativetraits,assessingstructureofa genome,aswellasaidinpursuingassociationmappingandcomparativegeneticstudies.Inthisstudy,adensegeneticmap wasconstructedusingahigh-throughput1,536EST-derivedSNPGoldenGategenotypingplatformandaglobalconsensus mapestablishedbycombiningthenewgeneticmapwithfourexistingreliablegeneticmapsofapple.Theconsensusmap identified markers with both major and minor conflicts in positioning across all five maps. These major inconsistencies among marker positions were attributed either to structural variations within the apple genome, or among mapping populations,orgenotypingtechnicalerrors.Thesealsohighlightedproblemsinassemblyandanchorageofthereference draftapplegenomesequenceinregionswithknownsegmentalduplications.Markerscommonacrossallfiveapplegenetic maps resulted in successful positioning of 2875 markers,consisting of 2033 SNPs and843 SSRs as well as otherspecific markers, on theglobal consensus map.These markerswere distributed across all 17 linkage groups, withan average of 169633markerperlinkagegroupandwithanaveragedistanceof0.7060.14cMbetweenmarkers.Thetotallengthofthe consensusmapwas1991.38cMwithanaveragelengthof117.14624.43cMperlinkagegroup.Atotalof569SNPswere mapped onto th