Acute Sleep Deprivation and Circadian Misalignment Associated with Transition onto the First Night of Work Impairs Visual Selective Attention 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Acute Sleep Deprivation and Circadian Misalignment Associated with Transition onto the First Night of Work Impairs Visual Selective Attention 英文参考文献.doc

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Acute Sleep Deprivation and Circadian Misalignment Associated with Transition onto the First Night of Work Impairs Visual Selective Attention 英文参考文献

AcuteSleepDeprivationandCircadianMisalignment AssociatedwithTransitionontotheFirstNightofWork ImpairsVisualSelectiveAttention NayantaraSanthi1,2*,ToddS.Horowitz2,3,4,JeanneF.Duffy1,2,CharlesA.Czeisler1,2 1DivisionofSleepMedicine,DepartmentofMedicine,BrighamWomen’sHospital,HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesof America, 2Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3Visual Attention Laboratory, Brigham Women’s Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Background. Overnight operations pose a challenge because our circadian biology promotes sleepiness and dissipates wakefulness at night. Since the circadian effect on cognitive functions magnifies with increasing sleep pressure, cognitive deficitsassociatedwithnightworkarelikelytobemostacutewithextendedwakefulness,suchasduringthetransitionfrom a dayshift tonight shift. Methodology/Principal Findings.To testthishypothesis wemeasuredselective attention (with visual search), vigilance (with Psychomotor Vigilance Task [PVT]) and alertness (with a visual analog scale) in a shift work simulationprotocol,whichincludedfourdayshiftsfollowedbythreenightshifts.Therewasanocturnaldeclineincognitive processes,someofwhichweremostpronouncedonthefirstnightshift.Thenighttimedecreaseinvisualsearchsensitivitywas mostpronouncedonthefirstnightcomparedwithsubsequentnights(p=.04),andthiswasaccompaniedbyatrendtowards selective attention becoming ‘fast and sloppy’. The nighttime increase in attentional lapses on the PVT was significantly greateronthefirstnightcomparedtosubsequentnights(p,.05)indicatinganimpairedabilitytosustainfocus.Thenighttime decreaseinsubjectivealertnesswasalsogreatestonthefirstnightcomparedwithsubsequentnights(p,.05).Conclusions/ Significance.Thesenocturnaldeficitsinattentionandalertnessoffersomeinsightintowhyoccupationalerrors,acci