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Aging and Gene Expression in the Primate Brain 英文参考文献
o
Openaccess,freelyavailableonline PL S
BIOLOGY
AgingandGeneExpressioninthePrimate
Brain
Hunter B.Fraser1*,Philipp Khaitovich2,Joshua B.Plotkin3,Svante Pa¨a¨bo2,Michael B.Eisen1,4
1DepartmentofMolecularandCellBiology,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2Max-Planck-InstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropology,
Leipzig, Germany, 3 Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Genome Sciences Department, Genomics Division,
LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,Berkeley,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica
Itiswellestablishedthatgeneexpressionlevelsinmanyorganismschangeduringtheagingprocess,andtheadvent
ofDNAmicroarrayshasallowedgenome-widepatternsoftranscriptionalchangesassociatedwithagingtobestudied
inbothmodel organismsandvarioushumantissues.Understandingtheeffects ofagingongeneexpression in the
humanbrainisofparticularinterest,becauseofitsrelationtobothnormalandpathologicalneurodegeneration.Here
weshowthathumancerebralcortex,humancerebellum,andchimpanzeecortexeachundergodifferentpatternsof
age-relatedgeneexpressionalterations.Inhumans,manymoregenesundergoconsistentexpressionchangesinthe
cortexthaninthecerebellum;inchimpanzees,manygeneschangeexpressionwithageincortex,butthepatternof
changesinexpressionbearsalmostnoresemblancetothatofhumancortex.Theseresultsdemonstratethediversity
ofagingpatternspresentwithinthehumanbrain,aswellashowrapidlygenome-widepatternsofagingcanevolve
betweenspecies;theymayalsohaveimplicationsfortheoxidativefreeradicaltheoryofaging,andhelptoimprove
ourunderstandingofhumanneurodegenerativediseases.
Citation:FraserHB,KhaitovichP,PlotkinJB,Pa¨a¨bo S,EisenMB(2005)AgingandgeneexpressionintheprimatebrainPLoSBiol3(9):e274.
effects of aerobic respiration. Speci?cally, mitochondrial
activity leads to the production of ROS that can damage
Introduction
Despite its ubiquity and importance, aging remains a
poorlyunderstoodprocess.Thislackofunderstandingisdue
inparttothecomplexit
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