Altered Connectivity Pattern of Hubs in Default-Mode Network with Alzheimers Disease An Granger Causality Modeling Approach 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Altered Connectivity Pattern of Hubs in Default-Mode Network with Alzheimers Disease An Granger Causality Modeling Approach 英文参考文献.doc

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Altered Connectivity Pattern of Hubs in Default-Mode Network with Alzheimers Disease An Granger Causality Modeling Approach 英文参考文献

AlteredConnectivityPatternofHubsinDefault-Mode NetworkwithAlzheimer’sDisease:AnGrangerCausality ModelingApproach XiaoyanMiao1,4.,XiaWu2.,RuiLi1,KeweiChen3,LiYao1,2* 1StateKeyLaboratoryofCognitiveNeuroscienceandLearning,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing,China,2SchoolofInformationScienceandTechnology,BeijingNormal University, Beijing, China, 3Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Banner Alzheimer’s Institute (BAI), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America, 4Beijing Institute InformationandControl,Beijing,China Abstract Background:Evidencesfromnormalsubjectssuggestthatthedefault-modenetwork(DMN)hasposteriorcingulatecortex (PCC),medialprefrontalcortex(MPFC)andinferiorparietalcortex(IPC)asitshubs;meanwhile,theseDMNnodesareoften foundtobeabnormallyrecruitedinAlzheimer’sdisease(AD)patients.Theissuesonhowthesehubsinteracttoeachother, withtherestnodesoftheDMNandthealteredpatternofhubswithrespecttoAD,arestillongoingdiscussionforeventual finalclarification. PrincipalFindings:Toaddresstheseissues,weinvestigatedthecausalinfluencesbetweenanypairofnodeswithinthe DMNusingGrangercausalityanalysisandgraph-theoreticmethodsonresting-statefMRIdataof12youngsubjects,16old normalcontrolsand15ADpatientsrespectively.Wefoundthat:(1)PCC/MPFC/IPC,especiallythePCC,showedthewidest and distinctive causal effects on the DMN dynamics in young group; (2) the pattern of DMN hubs was abnormal in AD patients compared to old control: MPFC and IPC had obvious causal interaction disruption with other nodes; the PCC showedoutstandingperformanceforitwastheonlyregionhavingcausalrelationwithallothernodessignificantly;(3)the alteredrelationbetweenhubsandotherDMNnodesheldpotentialasanoninvasivebiomarkerofAD. Conclusions:Ourstudy,tothebestofourknowledge,isthefirsttosupportthehubconfigurationoftheDMNfromthe perspective of causal relationship, and reveal abnormal pattern of the DMN hubs in AD. Findings from young subjects provideadditionalevidencefortheroleofPCC/MPFC/IPCactingashubsintheDMN.Comparedtooldcontrol,MPFCa