Ambient Air Pollution and Birth Defects in Brisbane, Australia 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Ambient Air Pollution and Birth Defects in Brisbane, Australia 英文参考文献.doc

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Ambient Air Pollution and Birth Defects in Brisbane, Australia 英文参考文献

AmbientAirPollutionandBirthDefectsinBrisbane, Australia CraigA.Hansen1,AdrianG.Barnett2*,BinB.Jalaludin3,4,GeoffreyG.Morgan5,6 1National Centerfor Environmental Assessment, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, 2Institute of Health and BiomedicalInnovationSchoolofPublicHealth,QueenslandUniversityofTechnology,Brisbane,Queensland,Australia,3CentreforResearch,EvidenceManagementand Surveillance,SydneySouthWestAreaHealthService,Sydney,NewSouthWales,Australia,4SchoolofPublicHealthandCommunityMedicine,UniversityofNewSouth Wales,Sydney,NewSouthWales,Australia,5NorthernRiversUniversityDepartmentofRuralHealth,UniversityofSydney,Lismore,NewSouthWales,Australia,6North CoastAreaHealthService,Lismore,NewSouthWales,Australia Abstract Background:Birthdefectsareamajorpublichealthconcernastheyaretheleadingcauseofneonatalandinfantmortality. Observationalstudieshavelinkedenvironmentalpollutiontoadversebirthoutcomes,includingcongenitalanomalies.This studyexaminedpotentialassociationsbetweenambientairpollutionandcongenitalheartdefectsandcleftliporpalate amongbirthsinBrisbane,Australia(1998–2004). Methods:Ambientairpollutionlevelswereaveragedoverweeks3–8ofpregnancyamong150,308births.Usingacase– controldesign,weusedconditionallogisticregressionandmatchedcasesto5controls.Analyseswereconductedusingall births,andthenbirthswherethemotherresidedwithin6and12kilometersofanambientairqualitymonitor. Findings:WhenanalyzingallbirthstherewasnoindicationthatambientairpollutioninBrisbanewasassociatedwitha higherriskofcardiacdefects.Amongbirthswherethemotherresidedwithin6kilometersofanambientairqualitymonitor, a5ppbincreaseinO3wasassociatedwithanincreasedriskofpulmonaryarteryandvalvedefects(OR2.96,95%CI:1.34, 7.52)whilea0.6ppbincreaseinSO2wasassociatedwithanincreasedriskofaorticarteryandvalvedefects(OR10.76,95% CI:1.50,179.8).Fororalcleftdefectsamongallbirths,theonlyadverseassociationwasbetweenSO2andcleftlipwithor withoutcleftpalate(OR1.27,95%CI:1.01,1