Anterior Medial Prefrontal Cortex Exhibits Activation during Task Preparation but Deactivation during Task Execution 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Anterior Medial Prefrontal Cortex Exhibits Activation during Task Preparation but Deactivation during Task Execution 英文参考文献.doc

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Anterior Medial Prefrontal Cortex Exhibits Activation during Task Preparation but Deactivation during Task Execution 英文参考文献

AnteriorMedialPrefrontalCortexExhibitsActivation duringTaskPreparationbutDeactivationduringTask Execution HideyaKoshino1*,TakehiroMinamoto2,TakashiIkeda3,MarikoOsaka3,YukiOtsuka2,NaoyukiOsaka2 1DepartmentofPsychology,CaliforniaStateUniversity,SanBernardino,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofPsychology,KyotoUniversity,Kyoto,Japan, 3DepartmentofHumanSciences,OsakaUniversity,Osaka,Japan Abstract Background: The anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC) exhibits activation during some cognitive tasks, including episodic memory, reasoning, attention, multitasking, task sets, decision making, mentalizing, and processing of self-referenced information.However,themedialpartofanteriorPFCispartofthedefaultmodenetwork(DMN),whichshowsdeactivation during various goal-directed cognitive tasks compared to a resting baseline. One possible factor for this pattern is that activity in the anterior medial PFC (MPFC) is affected by dynamic allocation of attentional resources depending on task demands.WeinvestigatedthispossibilityusinganeventrelatedfMRIwithafaceworkingmemorytask. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:SixteenstudentsparticipatedinasinglefMRIsession.Theywereaskedtoformataskset to remember the faces (Face memory condition) or to ignore them (No face memory condition), then they were given 6secondsofpreparationperiodbeforetheonsetofthefacestimuli.Duringthis6-secondperiod,foursingledigitswere presentedoneatatimeatthecenterofthedisplay,andparticipantswereaskedtoaddthemandtorememberthefinal answer. When participants formed a task set to remember faces, the anterior MPFC exhibited activation during a task preparationperiodbutdeactivationduringataskexecutionperiodwithinasingletrial. Conclusions/Significance:TheresultssuggestthattheanteriorMPFCplaysaroleintasksetformationbutisnotinvolvedin execution of the face working memory task. Therefore, when attentional resources are allocated to other brain regions duringtaskexecution,theanteriorMPFCshowsdeactivation.Theresultssuggestthatactiva