Antimicrobial Activity and Genetic Profile of Enteroccoci Isolated from Hoopoes Uropygial Gland 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Antimicrobial Activity and Genetic Profile of Enteroccoci Isolated from Hoopoes Uropygial Gland 英文参考文献.doc

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Antimicrobial Activity and Genetic Profile of Enteroccoci Isolated from Hoopoes Uropygial Gland 英文参考文献

AntimicrobialActivityandGeneticProfileofEnteroccoci IsolatedfromHoopoesUropygialGland MagdalenaRuiz-Rodr?′guez1,2*,EvaValdivia2,3,ManuelMart?′n-Vivaldi2,4,AntonioM.Mart?′n-Platero2, ManuelMart?′nez-Bueno2,3,Mar?′aMe′ndez5,JuanM.Peralta-Sa′nchez2,3,JuanJ.Soler1,2 1DepartamentoEcolog?′aFuncionalyEvolutiva,Estacio′nExperimentaldeZonasA′ridas(CSIC),Almer?′a,Spain,2GrupoCoevolucio′n,UnidadAsociadaalCSIC,Universidad deGranada,Granada,Spain,3DepartamentoMicrobiolog?′a,UniversidaddeGranada,Granada,Spain,4DepartamentoBiolog?′aAnimal,UniversidaddeGranada,Granada, Spain,5DepartamentoBiolog?′adelaConservacio′n.Estacio′nBiolo′gicadeDon?ana(CSIC)Sevilla,Spain Abstract Symbioticmicroorganismsmaybedirectlytransferredfromparentstooffspringoracquiredfromaparticularenvironment thatanimalsmaybeabletoselect.Ifbenefitsforhostsvaryamongmicrobialstrains,naturalselectionmayfavourhosts holding the most beneficial one. Enterococci symbionts living in the hoopoe (Upupa epops) uropygial gland are able to synthesisebacteriocins(antimicrobialpeptidesthatinhibitthegrowthofcompetitorbacteria).Weexploredvariabilityin genetic profile (through RAPD-PCR analyses) and antimicrobial properties (by performing antagonistic tests against ten bacterialindicatorstrains)ofthedifferentisolatesobtainedfromtheuropygialglandsofhoopoefemalesandnestlings.We foundthatthegeneticprofileofbacterialisolateswasrelatedtoantimicrobialactivity,aswellastoindividualhostidentity and the nest from which samples were obtained. This association suggest that variation in the inhibitory capacity of Enterococcisymbiontsshouldbeunderselection. Citation: Ruiz-Rodr?′guez M, Valdivia E, Mart?′n-Vivaldi M, Mart?′n-Platero AM, Mart?′nez-Bueno M, et al. (2012) Antimicrobial Activity and Genetic Profile of EnteroccociIsolatedfromHoopoesUropygialGland.PLoSONE7(7):e41843.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041843 Editor:RobertC.Fleischer,SmithsonianInstitutionNationalZoologicalPark,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedNovember16,2011;AcceptedJune29,2012;Publ