Auditory Cortex Basal Activity Modulates Cochlear Responses in Chinchillas 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Auditory Cortex Basal Activity Modulates Cochlear Responses in Chinchillas 英文参考文献.doc

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Auditory Cortex Basal Activity Modulates Cochlear Responses in Chinchillas 英文参考文献

AuditoryCortexBasalActivityModulatesCochlear ResponsesinChinchillas AlexLeo′n1,DiegoElgueda1,2,Mar?′aA.Silva1,CarlosM.Hamame′1,3,PaulH.Delano1,4 * 1LaboratoriodeNeurobiolog?′adelaAudicio′n,ProgramadeFisiolog?′ayBiof?′sica,ICBM,FacultaddeMedicina,UniversidaddeChile,Santiago,Chile,2InstituteofSystems ResearchandNeuroscience andCognitiveSciencesProgram,UniversityofMaryland,CollegePark,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 3LyonNeuroscience Research Center(INSERMU1028-CNRSUMR5292),BrainDynamicsandCognitionTeam,Lyon,France,4ServicioOtorrinolaringolog?′a,HospitalCl?′nicodelaUniversidaddeChile, Santiago,Chile Abstract Background: The auditory efferent system has unique neuroanatomical pathways that connect the cerebral cortex with sensoryreceptorcells.PyramidalneuronslocatedinlayersVandVIoftheprimaryauditorycortexconstitutedescending projections to the thalamus, inferior colliculus, and even directly to the superior olivary complex and to the cochlear nucleus.Efferentpathwaysareconnectedtothecochlearreceptorbytheolivocochlearsystem,whichinnervatesouterhair cells and auditory nerve fibers. The functional role of the cortico-olivocochlear efferent system remains debated. We hypothesized that auditory cortex basal activity modulates cochlear and auditory-nerve afferent responses through the efferentsystem. Methodology/Principal Findings: Cochlear microphonics (CM), auditory-nerve compound action potentials (CAP) and auditory cortex evoked potentials (ACEP) were recorded in twenty anesthetized chinchillas, before, during and after auditorycortexdeactivationbytwomethods:lidocainemicroinjectionsorcorticalcoolingwithcryoloops.Auditorycortex deactivation induced a transient reduction in ACEP amplitudes in fifteen animals (deactivation experiments) and a permanentreductioninfivechinchillas(lesionexperiments).WefoundsignificantchangesintheamplitudeofCMinboth types of experiments, being the most common effect a CM decrease found in fifteen animals. Concomitantly to CM amplitudech