Business Return in New Orleans Decision Making Amid Post-Katrina Uncertainty 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Business Return in New Orleans Decision Making Amid Post-Katrina Uncertainty 英文参考文献.doc

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Business Return in New Orleans Decision Making Amid Post-Katrina Uncertainty 英文参考文献

BusinessReturninNewOrleans:DecisionMakingAmid Post-KatrinaUncertainty NinaS.N.Lam1*,KelleyPace2,RichardCampanella3,JamesLeSage4,HelbertArenas1 1Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America, 2Department of Finance, Louisiana State University,BatonRouge,Louisiana,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3CenterforBioenvironmentalResearch,TulaneUniversity,NewOrleans,Louisiana,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 4DepartmentofFinanceandEconomics,TexasStateUniversity,SanMarcos,Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background: Empirical observations on how businesses respond after a major catastrophe are rare, especially for a catastrophe as great as Hurricane Katrina, which hit New Orleans, Louisiana on August 29, 2005. We analyzed repeated telephonesurveysofNewOrleansbusinessesconductedinDecember2005,June2006,andOctober2007tounderstand factorsthatinfluenceddecisionstore-openamidpost-disasteruncertainty. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Businessesinthegroupofprofessional,scientific,andtechnicalservicesreopenedthe fastestinthenearterm,butdifferencesintherateofreopeningforbusinessesstratifiedbytypebecameindistinguishable in the longer term (around two years later). A reopening rate of 65% was found for all businesses by October 2007. Discriminantanalysisshowedsignificantdifferencesinresponsesreflectingtheirattitudesaboutimportantfactorsbetween businessesthatreopenedandthosethatdidnot.Businessesthatremainedclosedatthetimeofourthirdsurvey(twoyears after Katrina) ranked levee protection as the top concern immediately after Katrina, but damage to their premises and financingbecamemajorconcernsinsubsequentmonthsreflectedinthelatersurveys.Forbusinessesthathadopened(at thetimeofourthirdsurvey),infrastructureprotectionincludinglevee,utility,andcommunicationswerethemainconcerns mentionedinsurveysuptothethirdsurvey,whentheissueofcrimebecametheirtopconcern. Conclusions/Significance:Thesefindingsunderscoretheneedtohavepublicpolicyandemergencyplansinp