Early Initiation of Smoking and Alcohol Drinking as a Predictor of Lower Forearm Bone Mineral Density in Late Adolescence A Cohort Study in Girls 英文参考文献.docVIP

下载本文档

5
0
约4.74万字
约 10页
2017-05-11 发布于上海
举报
版权申诉

Early Initiation of Smoking and Alcohol Drinking as a Predictor of Lower Forearm Bone Mineral Density in Late Adolescence A Cohort Study in Girls 英文参考文献.doc

1、本文档共10页，可阅读全部内容。
2、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。
3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
5、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
6、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
7、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
8、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

Early Initiation of Smoking and Alcohol Drinking as a Predictor of Lower Forearm Bone Mineral Density in Late Adolescence A Cohort Study in Girls 英文参考文献

EarlyInitiationofSmokingandAlcoholDrinkingasa PredictorofLowerForearmBoneMineralDensityinLate Adolescence:ACohortStudyinGirls RaquelLucas1,2*,S?′lviaFraga1,2,ElisabeteRamos1,2,HenriqueBarros1,2 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal, 2Institute of Public Health of the UniversityofPorto,Porto,Portugal Abstract Background:Adolescenceisacriticalstageforboneaccrual.Itisalsodecisivefortheestablishmentofbehaviorssuchas smokingandalcoholdrinking. Objective:Toquantifytheshort-andlong-termassociationsbetweensmokinganddrinkinginitiationandbonemineral densityinadolescentgirls. Methods:Weusedprospectivedatafrom731girlsidentifiedinpublicandprivateschoolsinPorto,Portugal.Evaluations wereconductedwhenparticipantswere13and17yearsold.Bonemineraldensity(BMD)wasmeasuredattheforearmby dual-energyX-rayabsorptiometryandweight,heightandfat-freemassweremeasured.Pubertaldevelopmentstatuswas estimated using menarche age. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on smoking and alcohol drinking, physical exercise and calcium and vitamin D intakes. BMD in early and late adolescence was analyzed as a continuousordichotomous(Z-scorecutoff:21.0)variable.Associationswerecalculatedusinglinearorlogisticregression. Results:Overonequarterofthesegirlshadtriedsmokingby13,while59%haddrunkalcoholicbeveragesand20%had experiencedbothbehaviorsbythatage.LowermeanBMDat17yearsofagewasobservedingirlswhohadeversmokedby 13,aswellasinthosewhoreporteddrinkingatthatage.Therewerenosignificantcross-sectionalassociationsbetween experience and frequency of smoking or drinking and BMD at 13 years of age. However, we observed significant associationsbetweenBMDz-score,21inlateadolescenceandhavingeversmokedby13,afteradjustmentformenarche ageandsportspractice,(OR=1.92;95%CI:1.21,3.05)andwitheversmokinganddrinkinginthesameperiod(OR=2.33; 95%CI:1.36,4.00). Conclusion:Ourstudyaddsprospectiveevidencetotheroleofearlyinitiat