Echo-Time and Field Strength Dependence of BOLD Reactivity in Veins and Parenchyma Using Flow-Normalized Hypercapnic Manipulation 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Echo-Time and Field Strength Dependence of BOLD Reactivity in Veins and Parenchyma Using Flow-Normalized Hypercapnic Manipulation 英文参考文献.doc

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Echo-Time and Field Strength Dependence of BOLD Reactivity in Veins and Parenchyma Using Flow-Normalized Hypercapnic Manipulation 英文参考文献

Echo-TimeandFieldStrengthDependenceofBOLD ReactivityinVeinsandParenchymaUsingFlow- NormalizedHypercapnicManipulation ChristinaTriantafyllou1,2*,LawrenceL.Wald2,3,RichardD.Hoge4,5 1A.A.MartinosImagingCenteratMcGovernInstituteforBrainResearch,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,Cambridge,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 2DepartmentofRadiology,HarvardMedicalSchool,A.A.MartinosCenterforBiomedicalImaging,MassachusettsGeneralHospital,Charlestown,Massachusetts,United StatesofAmerica,3Harvard-MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)DivisionofHealthSciencesandTechnology,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,Cambridge, Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4Unite′deNeuroimagerieFonctionelle,Centrederecherchedel’institutuniversitairedege′riatriedeMontre′al,Montreal,Canada, 5Universite′ deMontre′al,Montreal,Canada Abstract While the BOLD (Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent) contrast mechanism has demonstrated excellent sensitivity to neuronalactivation,itsspecificitywithregardstodifferentiatingvascularandparenchymalresponseshasbeenanareaof ongoing concern. By inducing a global increase in Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF), we examined the effect of magnetic field strengthandecho-time(TE)onthegradient-echoBOLDresponseinareasofcorticalgraymatterandinresolvableveins.In ordertodefineaquantitativeindexofBOLDreactivity,wemeasuredthepercentBOLDresponseperunitfractionalchange inglobalgraymatterCBFinducedbyinhalingcarbondioxide(CO2).BynormalizingtheBOLDresponsetotheunderlying * * CBF change and determining the BOLD response as a function of TE, we calculated the change in R2 (DR2) per unit fractionalflowchange;theFlowRelaxationCoefficient,(FRC)for3Tand1.5Tinparenchymalandlargeveincompartments. TheFRCinparenchymalvoxelswas1.7660.54foldhigherat3Tthanat1.5Tandwas2.9660.66and3.1260.76foldhigher for veins than parenchyma at 1.5T and 3T respectively, showing a quantitative measure of the increase in specificity to parenchymal sources at 3T compared to 1.5T. Additionally, the results allow optimization of