Electronic Outbreak Surveillance in Germany A First Evaluation for Nosocomial Norovirus Outbreaks 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Electronic Outbreak Surveillance in Germany A First Evaluation for Nosocomial Norovirus Outbreaks 英文参考文献.doc

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Electronic Outbreak Surveillance in Germany A First Evaluation for Nosocomial Norovirus Outbreaks 英文参考文献

ElectronicOutbreakSurveillanceinGermany:AFirst EvaluationforNosocomialNorovirusOutbreaks AnjaM.Hauri1*,Hans-Ju¨rgenWestbrock1,HermanClaus2,SteffenGeis1,2,3,SiegfriedGiernat4 ,Michael Forbbohm5,HelmutUphoff1 1HesseStateHealthOffice,Dillenburg,Germany,2RobertKoch-Institut,Berlin,Germany,3PostgraduateTraininginAppliedEpidemiology(PAE),RobertKochInstitute, Berlin,Germany,4PublicHealthAuthority,Main-KinzigKreis,Gelnhausen,Germany,5PublicHealthAuthority,Wiesbaden,Germany Abstract Background:InGermany,surveillanceforinfectiousdiseaseoutbreaksisintegratedintoanelectronicsurveillancesystem. For2007,thenationalsurveillancedatabasecontainscase-basedinformationon201,224noroviruscases,three-quartersof whicharelinkedtooutbreaks.Weevaluatedthedataqualityofthenationaldatabaseinreflectingnosocomialnorovirus outbreak(NNO)dataavailablein19Hessianlocalpublichealthauthorities(LPHAs)andtheinfluenceofdifferencesbetween LPHA’s follow-up procedures for laboratory notifications of Norovirus positive stool samples on outbreak under- ascertainment. Methods: Data on NNO beginning in 2007 and notified to the 19 LPHAs were extracted from the national database, investigatedregardinginternalvalidityandcomparedtodatacollectedfromLPHAsforastudyonNNOcontrol.LPHAswere questioned whether they routinely contacted all persons for whom a laboratory diagnosis of norovirus infection was notified. The number of outbreaks per 1,000 hospital beds and the number of cases within NNOs for acute care and rehabilitationhospitalswerecomparedbetweencountieswithandwithoutcompletefollow-up. Results: The national database contained information on 155 NNOs, including 3,115 cases. Cases were missed in the nationaldatabasein58(37%)oftheoutbreaks.Informationonhospitalisationwasincorrectforanestimated47%ofNNO cases.Informationoncountyofinfectionwasincorrectfor24%(199/820)ofcasesbeingforwardedbetweenLPHAsfordata entry.ReportedNNOincidence andnumberofNNOcases inacutecare hospitalswashigher incountieswithcomplete follow-