Effects of Total Resources, Resource Ratios, and Species Richness on Algal Productivity and Evenness at Both Metacommunity and Local Scales 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Effects of Total Resources, Resource Ratios, and Species Richness on Algal Productivity and Evenness at Both Metacommunity and Local Scales 英文参考文献.doc

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Effects of Total Resources, Resource Ratios, and Species Richness on Algal Productivity and Evenness at Both Metacommunity and Local Scales 英文参考文献

EffectsofTotalResources,ResourceRatios,andSpecies RichnessonAlgalProductivityandEvennessatBoth MetacommunityandLocalScales LarsGamfeldt1,2*,HelmutHillebrand1,3 1Institute for Botany, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, 2Department of Marine Ecology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 3Institute for ChemistryandBiologyoftheMarineEnvironment(ICBM),Carl-von-OssietzkyUniversityOldenburg,Oldenburg,Germany Abstract Thestudyoftheinterrelationshipbetweenproductivityandbiodiversityisamajorresearchfieldinecology.Theorypredicts that if essential resources are heterogeneously distributed across a metacommunity, single species may dominate productivityinindividualmetacommunitypatches,butamixtureofspecieswillmaximizeproductivityacrossthewhole metacommunity.Italsopredictsthatabalancedsupplyofresourceswithinlocalpatchesshouldfavorspeciescoexistence, whereasresourceimbalancewouldfavorthedominanceofonespecies.Weperformedanexperimentwithfivefreshwater algalspeciestostudytheeffectsoftotalsupplyofresources,theirratios,andspeciesrichnessonbiovolumeproductionand evenness at the scale of both local patches and metacommunities. Generally, algal biovolume increased, whereas algal resource use efficiency (RUE) and evenness decreased with increasing total supply of resources in mixed communities containingallfivespecies.Incontrasttopredictionsforbiovolumeproduction,thespeciesmixturesdidnotoutperformall monocultures at the scale of metacommunities. In other words, we observed no general transgressive overyielding. However, RUE was always higher in mixtures than predicted from monocultures, and analyses indicate that resource partitioningorfacilitationinmixturesresulted inhigher-than-expected productivityathighresourcesupply.Contrasting our predictions for the local scale, balanced supply of resources did not generally favor higher local evenness, however lowestevennesswasconfinedtopatcheswiththemostimbalancedsupply.Thus,ourstudyprovidesmixedsupportfor recenttheoreticaladvan