Elevated Peripheral Visfatin Levels in Narcoleptic Patients 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Elevated Peripheral Visfatin Levels in Narcoleptic Patients 英文参考文献.doc

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Elevated Peripheral Visfatin Levels in Narcoleptic Patients 英文参考文献

ElevatedPeripheralVisfatinLevelsinNarcoleptic Patients NorbertDahmen1,NinaManderscheid1,JanaHelfrich1,PetraB.Musholt2,ThomasForst2 ,Andreas Pfu¨tzner2,AliceEngel1* 1DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofMainz,Mainz,Germany,2ikfeGmbH,Mainz,Germany Abstract Objective: Narcolepsy is a severe sleep disorder that is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexies and a tendency towards obesity. Recent discoveries indicate that the major pathophysiology is a loss of hypocretin (orexin) producing neurons due to immunologically mediated degeneration. Visfatin is a recently described proinflammatory adipokine. It is identical to the immune modulating pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF). Our study examines the hypothesisthatvisfatinlevelsarealteredinnarcolepticpatients. Methods: For the analysis, a total of n=54 patients (n=18 males and n=36 females) with the diagnosis of narcolepsy accordingtoDSM-IVandtheInternationalClassificationofSleepDisorderswereexamined(BMImean30.365.5,agemean 52.5616.1years). As a control group 39 unrelated (n=12 males and n=27 females) healthy volunteers with no sleep disorderaccordingtoDSM-IVwereincluded(BMImean28.564.6,agemean51.1613.6years).Peripheralvisfatinlevelswere measured using a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit with a measurement range from 0.1–1000ng/ml. Narcolepsy symptoms,severityandfrequencyofsymptomsaswellasthetotaldurationofvariousaspectsofthesymptomatologywere assessedbyunstructuredandstructuredclinicalinterviewsinincludingtheStanfordCenterforNarcolepsySleepInventory. Results:CirculatingvisfatinwasfoundtobesignificantlyincreasedinHLADR2positivenarcolepticpatientscomparedto controls. Conclusion: Taken together, our results add to the evidence of disturbed immunological regulation in patients with narcolepsy. Citation:DahmenN,ManderscheidN,HelfrichJ,MusholtPB,ForstT,etal.(2008)ElevatedPeripheralVisfatinLevelsinNarcolepticPatients.PLoSONE3(8):e2980. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002980 Editor:NaomiRogers,UniversityofSydney,