Expression of Putative Immune Response Genes during Early Ontogeny in the Coral Acropora millepora 英文参考文献.docVIP

ExpressionofPutativeImmuneResponseGenesduring EarlyOntogenyintheCoralAcroporamillepora EneourPuill-Stephan1,2,3,4,Franc?oisO.Seneca2,3,5,6,DavidJ.Miller1,5,MadeleineJ.H.vanOppen1,2,3 BetteL.Willis1,2 , * 1AIMS@JCU, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 2ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and School ofMarine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 3Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 4Laboratoire Optimisation des Re′gulationsPhysiologiques,Universite′ deBretagneOccidentale,Brest,France,5ARCCentreofExcellenceforCoralReefStudiesandSchoolofPharmacyandMolecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 6Department of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:Corals,likemanyothermarineinvertebrates,lackamatureallorecognitionsysteminearlylifehistorystages. Indeed,inearlyontogeny,whencoralsacquireandestablishassociationswithvarioussurfacemicrobiotaanddinoflagellate endosymbionts, they do not efficiently distinguish between closely and distantly related individuals from the same population. However, very little is knownabout the molecular components that underpin allorecognition and immunity responsesorhowtheychangethroughearlyontogenyincorals. Methodology/Principal Findings: Patterns in the expression of four putative immune response genes (apextrin, complementC3,andtwoCELIIItypelectingenes)wereexaminedinjuvenilecoloniesofAcroporamilleporathroughouta six-monthpost-settlementperiodusingquantitativereal-timePCR(qPCR).ExpressionofaCELIIItypelectingenepeakedin the fourth month for most of the coral juveniles sampled and was significantly higher at this time than at any other sampling time during the six months following settlement. The timing of this increase in expression levels of putative immune response genes may be linked to allorecognition ma