Financing Maternal and Child Health—What Are the Limitations in Estimating Donor Flows and Resource Needs 英文参考文献.docVIP

PolicyForum FinancingMaternalandChildHealth—WhatArethe LimitationsinEstimatingDonorFlowsandResource Needs? MarcoScha¨ferhoff1*,ChristinaSchrade1,GavinYamey2 1Evidence to Policy initiative, SEEK Development, Berlin, Germany, 2Evidence to Policy initiative, Global Health Group, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Thecrisis ofavoidable maternal, new- born, and child deaths in developing countries is currently a major focus for theglobalhealthcommunity (Box1),and it will be one of the leading issues discussed attheSeptember 2010Summit on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) [1–3]. Many countries are off (covering the years 2003–2006) [4,5]. third report, available at http:// ARiseinMNCHFinancing Its Countdown estimates that donor dis- bursementsforMNCHincreasedby64% between 2003 and 2006, from US$2.12 billion to $3.48 billion [4,5]. Countdown separates child health financing from maternal and neonatal health financing (Box 2). Of the $3.48 billion disbursed in 2006, 66% ($2.31 billion) was spent on childand34%($1.17billion)onmaternal andneonatalhealth. /reports- publications/2010-report,coversfinancing flowsupto2007. WhichDonorsDoesCountdown Assess? track to reach the 2015 child and Countdown examines ODA from 22 donorcountries,membersoftheDevelop- mentAssistanceCommittee(DAC)within the Organization for Economic Coopera- tion and Development (OECD). DAC describesitselfasthe‘‘venueandvoiceof the world’s major bilateral donors’’ [6]. DACcountriesregularlyreporttheirassis- tance to the OECD Creditor Reporting System(CRS)database,anonlinedatabase of aid activities [7]. Countdown’s analysis alsoincludescontributionsfromtheWorld maternal health MDGs (MDGs 4 and 5),andadditionaldonorassistance willbe needed to help countries get back on track. WheretheMoneyComesFrom Howmuchdonorassistanceiscurrently availableformaternal,newborn,andchild health(MNCH)andhowmuchadditional financing will be needed? In this articl