Five Myths about the HIV Epidemic in Asia 英文参考文献.docVIP

sasyE Five Myths about the HIV Epidemic in Asia Peter Godwin , Nigel O’Farrell, Knut Fylkesnes, Sujaya Misra * I t is widely recognised that the huge population sizes of many Asian countries mean that although interventions [2,3]. and disadvantaged in both rural and urban areas, means that the challenges of developing targeted intervention programmes, and ensuring coverage of vulnerable groups, are particularly acute. Attention to these challenges, rather than the mythical generalised developmental challenges, is urgently required. Myth two: The “Three Ones” are an essential framework for an expanded and strengthened response. The concept of the “Three Ones”, a strategy to better coordinate the scale-up of national AIDS responses, (http:??www. /en/Coordination/ We believe that the epidemics in Asia will not become “generalised”, because women’s sexual risk is curtailed by social and cultural factors. Age of sexual debut, age of marriage (see Table 1 and [4]), and number of lifetime partners are all very different in Asia compared with Africa, signi?cantly limiting women’s (and men’s) sexual risk. Many of the Asian epidemics, as mentioned, are currently driven by needle-sharing among IDUs [5]. While IDUs who share needles tend to infect their partners, there is so far little compelling evidence to suggest signi?cant epidemic spread from the drug-using community to those outside this community, even when the IDUs or their partners are sex workers. So far it appears that the kinds of sex work situations which lead to major epidemics (e.g. in Bangkok and Chiang Mai, Thailand, in Mumbai, India, and in Cambodia) do not coincide with major IDU needle-sharing networks. It remains to be seen to what extent the overlap of sex work and drug-use networks, which appear to be occurring in relatively isolated situations in areas such as Ho Chi Minh City, parts of Myanmar, and Yunnan, have the potential to drive major epidemics among the general population. national HIV prevalen