Feeding and Stocking Up Radio-Labelled Food Reveals Exchange Patterns in Ants 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Feeding and Stocking Up Radio-Labelled Food Reveals Exchange Patterns in Ants 英文参考文献.doc

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Feeding and Stocking Up Radio-Labelled Food Reveals Exchange Patterns in Ants 英文参考文献

FeedingandStockingUp:Radio-LabelledFoodReveals ExchangePatternsinAnts Aure′lieBuffin1*,DamienDenis1,GaetanVanSimaeys2,SergeGoldman2,Jean-LouisDeneubourg1 1UnitofSocialEcology,Universite′ libredeBruxelles,Brussels,Belgium,2Ho?pitalErasmeServiceofNuclearMedicine,Universite′ libredeBruxelles,Brussels,Belgium Abstract Foodsharingisvitalforalargenumberofspecies,eithersolitaryorsocial,andisofparticularimportancewithinhighly integrated societies, such as in colonial organisms and in social insects. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that govern the distributionoffoodinsideacomplexorganizationalsystemremainunknown. Usingscintigraphy,amethoddevelopedformedicalimaging,wewereabletodescribethedynamicsoffood-flowinsidean antcolony.Wemonitoredthesharingprocessofaradio-labelledsucrosesolutioninsideanestofFormicafusca.Ourresults showthat,fromtheveryfirstloadthatentersthenest,foodpresentwithinthecolonyactsasnegativefeedbacktoentering food.Afteronehouroftheexperiments,70%ofthefinalharvesthasalreadyenteredthenest.Thetotalforagedquantityis almostfourtimessmallerthantheexpectedstoragecapacity.Afinerstudyofthespatialdistributionoffoodshowsthat althoughallantshavebeenfedrapidly (within30minutes),asmallarearepresenting onaverage8%oftheradioactive surfaceholdsmorethan25%ofthestoredfood.Eveninratherhomogeneousnests,weobservedastrongconcentrationof foodinfewworkers.Examiningthepositionoftheseworkersinsidethenest,wefoundheavilyloadedantsinthecentreof theaggregate.Thepositionofthecentreofthishigh-intensityradioactivesurfaceremainedstableforthethreeconsecutive hoursoftheexperiments. Wedemonstratethatthecolonysimultaneouslymanagedtorapidlyfeedallworkers(200antsfedwithin30minutes)and buildupfoodstockstopreventfoodshortage,somethingthatoccursratherofteninchangingenvironments.Thoughwe expectedthecolonytoforagetoitsmaximumcapacity,theflowoffoodenteringthecolonyisfinelytunedtothecolony’s needs.Indeedthefood-flowdecreasesproportionallytothefoodthathasalreadybeenharvested,liberatingthework-fo