Flux-Based Transport Enhancement as a Plausible Unifying Mechanism for Auxin Transport in Meristem Development 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Flux-Based Transport Enhancement as a Plausible Unifying Mechanism for Auxin Transport in Meristem Development 英文参考文献.doc

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Flux-Based Transport Enhancement as a Plausible Unifying Mechanism for Auxin Transport in Meristem Development 英文参考文献

Flux-BasedTransportEnhancementasaPlausible UnifyingMechanismforAuxinTransportinMeristem Development SzymonStoma1,2,MikaelLucas1,Je′ro?meChopard1,MarianneSchaedel2,JanTraas2* ,Christophe Godin1* 1VirtualPlantsProject-Team,UMRDAP,INRIA,Montpellier,France,2LaboratoiredeReproductionetDe′veloppementdesPlantes,Universite′deLyon1,INRA,CNRS,ENS- Lyon,Lyon,France Abstract Plants continuously generate new organs through the activity of populations of stem cells called meristems. The shoot apicalmeristeminitiatesleaves,flowers,andlateralmeristemsinhighlyordered,spiralled,orwhorledpatternsviaaprocess calledphyllotaxis.Itiscommonlyacceptedthattheactivetransportoftheplanthormoneauxinplaysamajorroleinthis process.CurrenthypothesesproposethatcellularhormonetransportersofthePINfamilywouldcreatelocalauxinmaxima atprecisepositions,whichinturnwouldleadtoorganinitiation.Toexplainhowauxintransporterscouldcreatehormone fluxes to distinct regions within the plant, different concepts have been proposed. A major hypothesis, canalization, proposesthattheauxintransportersactbyamplifyingandstabilizingexistingfluxes,whichcouldbeinitiated,forexample, by local diffusion. This convincingly explains the organised auxin fluxes during vein formation, but for the shoot apical meristemasecondhypothesiswasproposed,wherethehormonewouldbesystematicallytransportedtowardstheareas withthehighestconcentrations.ThisimpliesthecoexistenceoftworadicallydifferentmechanismsforPINallocationinthe membrane,onebasedonfluxsensingandtheotheronlocalconcentrationsensing.Becausethesepatterningprocesses requiretheinteractionofhundredsofcells,itisimpossibletoestimateonapurelyintuitivebasisifaparticularscenariois plausibleornot.Therefore,computationalmodellingprovidesapowerfulmeanstotestthistypeofcomplexhypothesis. Here,usingadedicatedcomputersimulationtool,weshowthataflux-basedpolarizationhypothesisisabletoexplainauxin transportattheshootmeristemaswell,thusprovidingaunifyingconceptforthecontrolofauxindistributionintheplant.