From Few to Many New World Founded by Surprisingly Small Population 英文参考文献.docVIP

下载本文档

3
0
约7.77万字
约 14页
2017-05-11 发布于上海
举报
版权申诉

From Few to Many New World Founded by Surprisingly Small Population 英文参考文献.doc

1、本文档共14页，可阅读全部内容。
2、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。
3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
5、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
6、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
7、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
8、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

From Few to Many New World Founded by Surprisingly Small Population 英文参考文献

Open access, freely available online Synopses of Research Articles From Few to Many: New World Founded by Surprisingly Small Population DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030227 About 14,000 years ago—a few hundred thousand years after our putative modern forebears spread out from Africa—descendants of archaic humans crossed the Bering land bridge from Siberia to North America.Several lines of evidence support this model,but that’s where the consensus ends.The details remain hotly debated,focusing mostly on which Asian population migrated,when they did it,and whether they did it more than once. Part of the challenge in reconstructing this history stems from the dynamic nature of human populations—which experience unpredictable changes in size,composition,density,and mating patterns—and the dif?culty in interpreting genetic history.To get a better picture of the range of possible scenarios,scientists are using new statistical approaches that require computer simulations.Jody Hey now extends this approach in a novel method for the study of the origins of New World populations.Along with DNA analysis and computer simulations, Hey adds a new twist to an old model to reveal how the sizes of the ?rst New World populations have changed since they were founded.His results fall in line with archeological,genetic,and linguistic evidence,pointing to a relatively recent colonization of the Americas.But they go a step further by showing that the New World was colonized by a small population with an effective size of only about 70 individuals.(The effective size refers to the number of individuals likely to contribute genes to the next generation.) Hey’s approach addresses shortcomings in population genetic studies that rely on just one gene and that assume that population sizes have been constant over time.Studying levels of DNA sequence variation at a single genomic region,or loci,can offer insight into the history of that gene,but the stochastic nature of gene evolution mean