From Retinal Waves to Activity-Dependent Retinogeniculate Map Development 英文参考文献.docVIP

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From Retinal Waves to Activity-Dependent Retinogeniculate Map Development 英文参考文献.doc

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From Retinal Waves to Activity-Dependent Retinogeniculate Map Development 英文参考文献

FromRetinalWavestoActivity-Dependent RetinogeniculateMapDevelopment JeffreyMarkowitz1,2,YongqiangCao1,2,StephenGrossberg1,2 * 1CenterforAdaptiveSystems,DepartmentofCognitiveandNeuralSystems,BostonUniversity,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2CenterforExcellence forLearninginEducation,ScienceandTechnologyBostonUniversity,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract A neural model is described of how spontaneous retinal waves are formed in infant mammals, and how these waves organizeactivity-dependentdevelopmentofatopographicmapinthelateralgeniculatenucleus,withconnectionsfrom eacheyesegregatedintoseparateanatomicallayers.Themodelsimulatesthespontaneousbehaviorofstarburstamacrine cellsandretinalganglioncellsduringtheproductionofretinalwavesduringthefirstfewweeksofmammalianpostnatal 2+ + development. It proposes how excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms within individual cells, such as Ca -activated K channels, and cAMP currents and signaling cascades, can modulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of waves, notably by controllingtheafter-hyperpolarizationcurrentsofstarburstamacrinecells.Giventhecriticalroleofthegeniculatemapin the development of visual cortex, these results provide a foundation for analyzing the temporal dynamics whereby the visualcortexitselfdevelops. Citation: Markowitz J, Cao Y, Grossberg S (2012) From Retinal Waves to Activity-Dependent Retinogeniculate Map Development. PLoS ONE 7(2): e31553. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031553 Editor:BardErmentrout,UniversityofPittsburgh,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedAugust5,2011;AcceptedJanuary10,2012;PublishedFebruary28,2012 Copyright: ?2012 Markowitz et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:ThisworkwassupportedinpartbyCELEST(CenterofExcellenceforLearninginEducation,ScienceandTechnology),aNationalScienceFoundati