Haplotype Mapping of a Diploid Non-Meiotic Organism Using Existing and Induced Aneuploidies 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Haplotype Mapping of a Diploid Non-Meiotic Organism Using Existing and Induced Aneuploidies 英文参考文献.doc

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Haplotype Mapping of a Diploid Non-Meiotic Organism Using Existing and Induced Aneuploidies 英文参考文献

HaplotypeMappingofaDiploidNon-Meiotic OrganismUsingExistingandInduced Aneuploidies Melanie Legrand[,Anja Forche[,Anna Selmecki, Christine Chan, David T.Kirkpatrick*,Judith Berman* DepartmentofGenetics,CellBiologyandDevelopment,UniversityofMinnesota,Minneapolis,Minnesota,UnitedStatesofAmerica Haplotypemaps(HapMaps)revealunderlyingsequencevariationandfacilitatethestudyofrecombinationandgenetic diversity.Ingeneral,HapMapsareproducedbyanalysisofSingle-NucleotidePolymorphism(SNP)segregationinlarge numbersofmeioticprogeny.Candidaalbicans,themostcommonhumanfungalpathogen,isanobligatediploidthat doesnotappeartoundergomeiosis.Thus,standardmethodsforhaplotypemappingcannotbeused.Weexploited naturally occurring aneuploid strains to determine the haplotypes of the eight chromosome pairs in the C. albicans laboratory strain SC5314 and in a clinical isolate. Comparison of the maps revealed that the clinical strain had undergone a significant amount of genome rearrangement, consisting primarily of crossover or gene conversion recombinationevents.SNPmaphaplotypingrevealedthatinsertionandactivationoftheUAU1cassetteinessential andnon-essential genescan result in whole chromosome aneuploidy. UAU1 is often used to construct homozygous deletionsoftargetedgenesinC.albicans;theexactmechanism(trisomyfollowedbychromosomelossversusgene conversion)hasnotbeendetermined.UAU1insertionintotheessentialORC1generesultedinalargeproportionof trisomic strains, while gene conversion events predominated when UAU1 was inserted into the non-essential LRO1 gene.Therefore,inducedaneuploidiescanbeusedtogenerateHapMaps,whichareessentialforanalyzinggenome alterationsandmitoticrecombinationeventsinthisclonalorganism. Citation: Legrand M, Forche A, Selmecki A, Chan C, Kirkpatrick DT, et al. (2008) Haplotype mapping of a diploid non-meiotic organism using existing and induced aneuploidies.PLoSGenet4(1):e1.doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0040001 of natural heterozygosity (55,655 SNPs for the entire 32Mb diploid genome) [5