GP-9s Are Ubiquitous Proteins Unlikely Involved in Olfactory Mediation of Social Organization in the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta 英文参考文献.docVIP

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GP-9s Are Ubiquitous Proteins Unlikely Involved in Olfactory Mediation of Social Organization in the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta 英文参考文献.doc

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GP-9s Are Ubiquitous Proteins Unlikely Involved in Olfactory Mediation of Social Organization in the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta 英文参考文献

GP-9sAreUbiquitousProteinsUnlikelyInvolvedin OlfactoryMediationofSocialOrganizationintheRed ImportedFireAnt,Solenopsisinvicta WalterS.Leal*,YukoIshida HonoraryMaeda-DuffeyLaboratory,DepartmentofEntomology,UniversityofCaliforniaDavis,Davis,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Theredimportedfireant(RIFA),Solenopsisinvicta,isaninvasivespecies,accidentallyintroducedintheUnitedStatesthat cancausepainful(sometimeslife-threatening)stingstohuman,pets,andlivestock.Theircolonieshavetwosocialforms: monogyneandpolygynethathaveasingleandmultiplefunctionalqueens,respectively.Amajorgene(Gp-9),identifiedas a putative pheromone-binding protein on the basis of a modest amino acid sequence identity, has been suggested to influencetheexpressionofcolonysocialorganization.Monogynequeensarereportedtopossessonlythe GP-9Balleles, whereaspolygynequeenspossessbothGP-9BandGP-9b.Thus,bothsocialformsarereportedtoexpressGP-9B,withGP-9b beingamarkerexpressedinpolygynesbutitisabsentinmonogynes.Here,wereporttwotypesofpolygynecolonies,one that does not express GP-9b (monogyne-like) and the other expressing both proteins, GP-9B and GP-9b. Given their expressionpattern,GP-9sarehemolymphproteins,whicharemorelikelytobeinvolvedinthetransportoflipidsandsmall ligandswithinthehomocoel.GP-9Bexistedintwoforms,oneofthemisphosphorylated.Thehelical-richcontentofthe protein resembles the secondary structures of a beetle hemolymph protein and moth pheromone-binding proteins. An olfactory role is unlikely given the lack of specific expression in the sensillar lymph. In marked contrast to GP-9s, a chemosensory protein, SinvCSP, is demonstrated to be specifically expressed in the antennae. Within the antennae, expressionofSinvCSPisrestrictedtothelasttwosegments,whichareknowntohouseolfactorysensilla. Citation:LealWS,IshidaY(2008)GP-9sAreUbiquitousProteinsUnlikelyInvolvedinOlfactoryMediationofSocialOrganizationintheRedImportedFireAnt, Solenopsisinvicta.PLoSONE3(11):e3762.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003762 E