Modulation of Antimicrobial Host Defense Peptide Gene Expression by Free Fatty Acids 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Modulation of Antimicrobial Host Defense Peptide Gene Expression by Free Fatty Acids 英文参考文献.doc

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Modulation of Antimicrobial Host Defense Peptide Gene Expression by Free Fatty Acids 英文参考文献

ModulationofAntimicrobialHostDefensePeptideGene ExpressionbyFreeFattyAcids LakshmiT.Sunkara1,WeiyuJiang1,GuolongZhang1,2,3* 1Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America, 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America, 3Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Routine use of antibiotics at subtherapeutic levels in animal feed drives the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Development of antibiotic-alternative approaches to disease control and prevention for food animals is imperatively needed.Previously,weshowedthatbutyrate,amajorspeciesofshort-chainfattyacids(SCFAs)fermentedfromundigested fiber by intestinal microflora, is a potent inducer of endogenous antimicrobial host defense peptide (HDP) genes in the chicken (PLoS One 2011, 6: e27225). In the present study, we further revealed that, in chicken HD11 macrophages and primarymonocytes,inductionofHDPsislargelyinaninversecorrelationwiththealiphatichydrocarbonchainlengthoffree fatty acids, with SCFAs being the most potent, medium-chain fatty acids moderate and long-chain fatty acids marginal. Additionally, threeSCFAs, namelyacetate, propionate, and butyrate, exerted astrong synergy in augmenting HDP gene expressioninchickencells.Consistently,supplementationofchickenswithacombinationofthreeSCFAsinwaterresulted inafurtherreductionofSalmonellaenteritidisinthececumascomparedtofeedingofindividualSCFAs.Moreimportantly, free fatty acids enhanced HDP gene expression without triggering proinflammatory interleukin-1b production. Taken together,oralsupplementationofSCFAsiscapableofboostinghostimmunityanddiseaseresistance,withpotentialfor infectiousdiseasecontrolandpreventioninanimalagriculturewithoutrelyingonantibiotics. Citation:SunkaraLT,JiangW,ZhangG(2012)ModulationofAntimicrobialHostDefensePeptideGeneExpress