Multiple Colonization with S. pneumoniae before and after Introduction of the Seven-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Multiple Colonization with S. pneumoniae before and after Introduction of the Seven-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine 英文参考文献.doc

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Multiple Colonization with S. pneumoniae before and after Introduction of the Seven-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine 英文参考文献

MultipleColonizationwithS.pneumoniaebeforeand afterIntroductionoftheSeven-ValentConjugated PneumococcalPolysaccharideVaccine SilvioD.Brugger1,PascalFrey1,SuzanneAebi1,JasonHinds2,KathrinMu¨hlemann1,3* 1InstituteforInfectiousDiseases,UniversityofBern,Bern,Switzerland,2DivisionofCellularandMolecularMedicine,St.George’s,UniversityofLondon,London,United Kingdom,3DepartmentofInfectiousDiseases,UniversityHospital,Bern,Switzerland Abstract Background: Simultaneous carriage of more than one strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae promotes horizontal gene transfer eventsand maylead tocapsuleswitch andacquisition ofantibiotic resistance. Westudied the epidemiology of cocolonization with S. pneumoniae before and after introduction of the seven-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7). Methodology:Nasopharyngealswabs(n1120)werecollectedfromoutpatientsbetween2004and2009withinanongoing nationwide surveillance program. Cocolonization was detected directly from swabs by restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)analysis.Serotypeswereidentifiedbyagglutination,multiplexPCRandmicroarray. PrincipalFindings:RateofmultiplecolonizationremainedstableuptothreeyearsafterPCV7introduction.Cocolonization was associated with serotypes of low carriage prevalence in the prevaccine era. Pneumococcal colonization density was higherincocolonizedsamplesandcocolonizingstrainswerepresentinabalancedratio(median1.38).Othercharacteristics of cocolonization were a higher frequency at young age, but no association with recurrent acute otitis media, recent antibioticexposure,daycareusageandPCV7vaccinationstatus. Conclusions: Pneumococcal cocolonization is dominated by serotypes of low carriage prevalence in the prevaccine era, which coexist in the nasopharynx. Emergence of such previously rare serotypes under vaccine selection pressure may promotecocolonizationinthefuture. Citation:BruggerSD,FreyP,AebiS,HindsJ,Mu¨hlemannK(2010)MultipleColonizationwithS.pneumoniaebeforeandafterIntroductionoftheSeven-Val