Oyster Reefs as Natural Breakwaters Mitigate Shoreline Loss and Facilitate Fisheries 英文参考文献.docVIP

下载本文档

18
0
约5.17万字
约 12页
2017-05-12 发布于上海
举报
版权申诉

Oyster Reefs as Natural Breakwaters Mitigate Shoreline Loss and Facilitate Fisheries 英文参考文献.doc

1、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
4、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
5、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
6、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

Oyster Reefs as Natural Breakwaters Mitigate Shoreline Loss and Facilitate Fisheries 英文参考文献

OysterReefsasNaturalBreakwatersMitigateShoreline LossandFacilitateFisheries StevenB.Scyphers1,2*,SeanP.Powers1,2,KennethL.Heck Jr.1,2,DorothyByron2 1DepartmentofMarineSciences,UniversityofSouthAlabama,Mobile,Alabama,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DauphinIslandSeaLab,DauphinIsland,Alabama,United StatesofAmerica Abstract Shorelines at the interface of marine, estuarine and terrestrial biomes are among the most degraded and threatened habitatsinthecoastalzonebecauseoftheirsensitivitytosealevelrise,stormsandincreasedhumanutilization.Previous efforts to protect shorelines have largely involved constructing bulkheads and seawalls which can detrimentally affect nearshorehabitats.Recently,effortshaveshiftedtowards‘‘livingshoreline’’approachesthatincludebiogenicbreakwater reefs.Ourstudyexperimentallytestedtheefficacyofbreakwaterreefsconstructedofoystershellforprotectingeroding coastalshorelines andtheir effect on nearshorefish andshellfish communities. Alongtwodifferent stretches oferoding shoreline,wecreatedreplicatedpairsofsubtidalbreakwaterreefsandestablishedunalteredreferenceareasascontrols.At both sites we measured shoreline and bathymetric change and quantified oyster recruitment, fish and mobile macro- invertebrateabundances.Breakwaterreeftreatmentsmitigatedshorelineretreatbymorethan40%atonesite,butoverall vegetationretreatanderosionrateswerehighacrossalltreatmentsandatbothsites.Oystersettlementandsubsequent survival were observed at both sites, with mean adult densities reaching more than eighty oysters m22 at one site. We found the corridor between intertidal marsh and oyster reef breakwaters supported higher abundances and different communities of fishes than control plots without oyster reef habitat. Among the fishes and mobile invertebrates that appearedtobestronglyenhancedwereseveraleconomically-importantspecies.Bluecrabs(Callinectessapidus)werethe mostclearlyenhanced(+297%)bythepresenceofbreakwaterreefs,whilereddrum(Sciaenopsocellatus)(+108%),spotted seatrout(Cy