PDK1 and HR46 Gene Homologs Tie Social Behavior to Ovary Signals 英文参考文献.docVIP

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PDK1 and HR46 Gene Homologs Tie Social Behavior to Ovary Signals 英文参考文献.doc

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PDK1 and HR46 Gene Homologs Tie Social Behavior to Ovary Signals 英文参考文献

PDK1andHR46GeneHomologsTieSocialBehaviorto OvarySignals YingWang1*,GroV.Amdam1,2,OlavRueppell3,MeganA.Wallrichs3,M.KimFondrk1 ,Osman Kaftanoglu1,RobertE.PageJr.1 1SchoolofLifeSciences,ArizonaStateUniversity,Tempe,Arizona,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofChemistry,BiotechnologyandFoodScience,Universityof LifeSciences,Aas,Norway,3DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofNorthCarolina–Greensboro,Greensboro,NorthCarolina,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Thegeneticbasisofdivisionoflaborinsocialinsectsisacentralquestioninevolutionaryandbehavioralbiology.Thehoney bee is amodel forstudyingevolutionary behavioralgeneticsbecause ofits wellcharacterized age-correlated division of labor. After an initial period of within-nest tasks, 2–3 week-old worker bees begin foraging outside the nest. Individuals oftenspecializebybiasingtheirforagingeffortstowardcollectingpollenornectar.Effortstoexplaintheoriginsofforaging specialization suggest that division of labor between nectar and pollen foraging specialists is influenced by genes with effectsonreproductivephysiology.Quantitativetraitloci(QTL)mappingofforagingbehavioralsorevealscandidategenes forreproductive traits. Here, weaddress the linkageof reproductive anatomytobehavior, using backcross QTLanalysis, behavioral and anatomical phenotyping, candidate gene expression studies, and backcross confirmation of gene-to- anatomical trait associations. Our data show for the first time that the activity of two positional candidate genes for behavior,PDK1andHR46,havedirectgeneticrelationshipstoovarysize,acentralreproductivetraitthatcorrelateswiththe nectarandpollenforagingbiasofworkers.Thesefindingsimplicatetwogenesthatwerenotknownpreviouslytoinfluence complex social behavior. Also, they outline how selection may have acted on gene networks that affect reproductive resourceallocationandbehaviortofacilitatetheevolutionofsocialforaginginhoneybees. Citation:WangY,AmdamGV,RueppellO,WallrichsMA,FondrkMK,etal.(2009)PDK1andHR46GeneHomologsTieSocialBehavi