Perception of urge-to-cough and dyspnea in healthy smokers with decreased cough reflex sensitivity 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Perception of urge-to-cough and dyspnea in healthy smokers with decreased cough reflex sensitivity 英文参考文献.doc

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Perception of urge-to-cough and dyspnea in healthy smokers with decreased cough reflex sensitivity 英文参考文献

Kanezakietal.Cough2010,6:1 /content/6/1/1 Cough RESEARCH OpenAccess Perceptionofurge-to-coughanddyspneain healthysmokerswithdecreasedcoughreflex sensitivity MasashiKanezaki1,SatoruEbihara1*,EtsuhiroNikkuni1,PeijunGui1,ChihiroSuda1,TakaeEbihara2, MiyakoYamasaki2,MasahiroKohzuki1 Abstract Background:Althoughcigarettesmokinghasbeenimplicatedasanimportantriskfactorforthedevelopmentof respiratorysymptoms,theperceptionalaspectsoftwosymptomsinsmokershavenotbeenfullyelucidated. Therefore,wesimultaneouslyevaluatedthecoughreflexsensitivity,thecognitionofurge-to-coughandperception ofdyspneainbothhealthysmokersandnon-smokers. Methods:Fourteenmalehealthynever-smokersand14age-matchedmalehealthycurrent-smokerswererecruited viapublicpostings.Thecoughreflexsensitivityandtheurge-to-coughwereevaluatedbytheinhalationofcitric acid.TheperceptionofdyspneawasevaluatedbyBorgscoresduringapplicationsofexternalinspiratoryresistive loads. Results:Thecoughreflexthresholdtocitricacid,asexpressedbythelowestconcentrationofcitricacidthat elicitedtwoormorecoughs(C2)andthelowestconcentrationofcitricacidthatelicitedfiveormorecoughs(C5) insmokerswassignificantlyhigherthaninnon-smokers.Theurge-to-coughlog-logslopeinsmokerswas significantlymilderthanthatofnon-smokers.Therewerenosignificantdifferencesintheurge-to-coughthreshold betweennon-smokersandsmokers.Therewerenosignificantdifferencesinperceptionsofdyspneabetweennon- smokersandsmokers. Conclusions:Thestudyshowedthatdecreasedcoughreflexsensitivityinhealthysmokerswasaccompaniedbya decreasedcognitionofurge-to-coughwhereasitwasnotaccompaniedbythealternationofperceptionof dyspnea.Physiciansshouldpayattentiontotheperceptualalterationsofcoughinsmokers. Background and if so, how they are related. However, there have Coughanddyspneaarecommonrespiratory symptoms been few studies which investigated both the percep- for which patients seek medical attention. Although tionsofcoughstimulianddyspneicstimuliinsmokers. cigarette smoking has beenimplicated as an