Preparation and Elastic Moduli of Germanate Glass Containing Lead and Bismuth 英文参考文献.docVIP

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 4632-4641; doi:10.3390/ijmOPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /journal/ijms Article Preparation and Elastic Moduli of Germanate Glass Containing Lead and Bismuth Hj A. A. Sidek *, Hamid R. Bahari, Mohamed K. Halimah and Wan M. M. Yunus Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: h_bahari2002@ (H.R.B.); halimah@.my (M.K.H.); mahmood@.my (W.M.M.Y.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: sidek@.my; Tel.: +603 Fax: +603 Received: 31 January 2012; in revised form: 5 March 2012 / Accepted: 30 March 2012 / Published: 11 April 2012 Abstract: This paper reports the rapid melt quenching technique preparation for the new family of bismuth-lead germanate glass (BPG) systems in the form of (GeO2)60–(PbO)40?x–(?Bi2O3)x where x = 0 to 40 mol%. Their densities with respect of Bi2O3 concentration were determined using Archimedes’ method with acetone as a floatation medium. The current experimental data are compared with those of bismuth lead borate (B2O3)20–(PbO)80?x–(Bi2O3)x. The elastic properties of BPG were studied using the ultrasonic pulse-echo technique where both longitudinal and transverse sound wave velocities have been measured in each glass samples at a frequency of 15 MHz and at room temperature. Experimental data shows that all the physical parameters of BPG including density and molar volume, both longitudinal and transverse velocities increase linearly with increasing of Bi2O3 content in the germanate glass network. Their elastic moduli such as longitudinal, shear and Young’s also increase linearly with addition of Bi2O3 but the bulk modulus did not. The Poisson’s ratio and fractal dimensionality are also found to vary linearly with the Bi2O3 concentration. Keywords: glasses; bismuth;