Protein Detection with Aptamer Biosensors 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2008, 8, 4296-4307; DOI: 10.3390/s8074296 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /sensors Review Protein Detection with Aptamer Biosensors Beate Strehlitz *, Nadia Nikolaus and Regina Stoltenburg UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UBZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; E-Mails: nadia.nikolaus@ufz.de; regina.stoltenburg@ufz.de * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: beate.strehlitz@ufz.de; Tel.: +49-341-235-1764; Fax: +49-341-235-451764 Received: 15 June 2008; in revised form: 7 July 2008 / Accepted: 21 July 2008 / Published: 23 July 2008 Abstract: Aptamers have been developed for different applications. Their use as new biological recognition elements in biosensors promises progress for fast and easy detection of proteins. This new generation of biosensor (aptasensors) will be more stable and well adapted to the conditions of real samples because of the specific properties of aptamers. Keywords: aptamer, protein, biosensor, SELEX 1. Introduction There is a high demand for convenient methodologies for detecting and measuring the levels of specific proteins in biological and environmental samples because their detection, identification and quantification can be very complex, expensive and time consuming. Biosensors are interesting tools offering certain operational advantages over standard photometric methods, notably with respect to rapidity, ease-of-use, cost, simplicity, portability, and ease of mass manufacture. Biosensors have been developed for more than 25 years now, and have been commercialized for some special applications like blood glucose and lactate measurement or bioprocess control, amongst others. However, they have not entered the market as much as expected, which is caused by several reasons. One reason is the instability of the biological recognition element of the biosensor (e.g. enzymes, cells or antibodies). Aptamers, which are ssDNA or RNA