Quantitative Modeling of Escherichia coli Chemotactic Motion in Environments Varying in Space and Time 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Quantitative Modeling of Escherichia coli Chemotactic Motion in Environments Varying in Space and Time 英文参考文献.doc

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Quantitative Modeling of Escherichia coli Chemotactic Motion in Environments Varying in Space and Time 英文参考文献

QuantitativeModelingofEscherichiacoliChemotactic MotioninEnvironmentsVaryinginSpaceandTime LiliJiang1,3,QiOuyang1,2,YuhaiTu1,3 * 1CenterforTheoreticalBiologyandSchoolofPhysics,PekingUniversity,Beijing,China,2TheStateKeyLaboratoryforArtificialMicrostructuresandMesoscopicPhysics, SchoolofPhysics,PekingUniversity,Beijing,China,3IBMT.J.WatsonResearchCenter,YorktownHeights,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Escherichiacolichemotacticmotioninspatiotemporallyvaryingenvironmentsisstudiedbyusingacomputationalmodel basedonacoarse-graineddescriptionoftheintracellularsignalingpathwaydynamics.Wefindthatthecell’schemotaxis driftvelocityvdisaconstantinanexponentialattractantconcentrationgradient[L]/exp(Gx).vddependslinearlyonthe exponentialgradientGbeforeitsaturateswhenGislargerthanacriticalvalueG .WefindthatG isdeterminedbythe C C 1=2 intracellularadaptationratekRwithasimplescalinglaw:GC!kR .ThelineardependenceofvdonG=d(ln[L])/dxdirectly demonstrates E. coli’s ability in sensing the derivative of the logarithmic attractant concentration. The existence of the limiting gradient GC and its scaling with kR are explained by the underlying intracellular adaptation dynamics and the flagellarmotorresponsecharacteristics.Forindividualcells,wefindthattheoverallaveragerunlengthinanexponential gradientislongerthanthatinahomogeneousenvironment,whichiscausedbytheconstantkinaseactivityshift(decrease). Theforwardruns(upthegradient)arelongerthanthebackwardruns,asexpected;anddependingontheexactgradient, the(shorter)backwardrunscanbecomparabletorunsinaspatiallyhomogeneousenvironment,consistentwithprevious experiments.In(spatial)ligandgradientsthatalsovaryintime,thechemotaxismotionisdampedasthefrequencyvofthe time-varyingspatialgradientbecomesfasterthanacriticalvaluevc,whichiscontrolledbythecell’schemotaxisadaptation rate kR. Finally, our model, with no adjustable parameters, agrees quantitatively with the classical capillary assay experimentswheretheattractantconcentrationchang