Selenium in Camel – A Review 英文参考文献.docVIP

Nutrients 2009, 1, 30-49; doi:10.3390/nu1010030 OPEN ACCESS nutrients ISSN 2072-6643 /journal/nutrients Review Selenium in Camel – A Review Bernard Faye 1,* and Rabiha Seboussi 2 1 Département Environnement et Sociétés, CIRAD, Campus International de Baillarguet, UR 18, TA/C Dir B, 34398 Montpellier cedex, France 2 5902 Roi René, Anjou, QC H1K3E7 Montréal, Canada; E-Mail: rseboussi@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mail: faye@cirad.fr Received: 11 May 2009 / Accepted: 5 July 2009 / Published: 8 July 2009 Abstract: Requirements for trace minerals in camels, particularly selenium, are not well- known. Selenium supplementation using a pharmaceutical form or commercial mineral mixture is common practice in camels to address the cardiomyopathy often attributed to selenium deficiency. This supplementation is often empirical and based on estimated needs for cattle. Nowadays the use of selenium in animal foodstuffs is commonplace and further investigation of its metabolism (ingestion, dynamic of storage-destocking, excretion) in camels is warranted. The present review aimed to synthesize all the experimental research (comparative selenium status in cow and camel, response to different levels of supplementation at different physiological stages, excretion maternal transfer, experimental toxicosis) and field observations (deficiency, supplementation practices) undertaken in camels. The results underline the particularity of the unique metabolic profile of the camel and lead to practical recommendations for supplementation in camels, highlighting its relative sensitivity to excess Se intake at lower levels than in cattle. The maximal tolerable dose is 8 mg and the recommended doses range from 2 to 4 mg. Keywords: selenium; camel; requirements; deficiency; toxicity; excretion 1. Introduction Camels have some physiological peculiarities in their trace element metabolism due