双语医学课件1–呼吸系统PulmonarySystem.pptVIP

Lobes of Lung Left Upper Lobe Left Lower Lobe Right Upper Lobe Right Middle Lobe Right Lower Lobe The Glottis and Vocal Cords The endolarynx 1.?Glottis 2.?True Cords 3.?False Cords 4.?Epiglottis 5.?Base of Tongue The right main bronchus extends from the trachea more vertically High columnar pseudostratified epithelium ( 假复层高柱状上皮) columnar cuboidal epithelium (骰形柱状上皮) submucosal glands (黏膜下腺) Mucus blanket (黏液屏障) Conducting airways 传导气道 L.75-77 未被黏膜纤毛清除和咳出的杂质和微生物会受到炎症反应的细胞和分泌免疫系统抗体的袭击。 L.78-80 早先生化炎症介质的释放也参与抗体介导过敏性反应, 比如哮喘,因为这样会刺激支气管平滑肌和血管收缩。 Conducting airways 传导气道 Gas-Exchange Airways Respiratory bronchioles (呼吸性细支气管） Alveolar ducts （肺泡管） Alveoli （肺泡） Acinus (肺腺泡） Gas-Exchange Airways 换气道 Main Lobar Segmental Subsegmental Terminal * * * Three steps in the exchange of gases 气体交换的三步骤 ventilation (通气) 2. diffusion (扩散) 3. perfusion (灌注) (Para. 1) ventilation (通气) diffusion (扩散) the pulmonary system perfusion (灌注) the cardiovascular system How do they function Two lungs Airways Blood vessels Chest wall (thoracic cage) Lungs lobes segments and lobules Space between lungs, heart, great vessels, and esophagus Mediastinum Structures of the Pulmonary System A passage (for the movement of air into and out of the gas-exchange portions of the lung). The upper airway (naopharynx, oropharynx) 1. be lined with ciliated mucosa (纤毛黏膜) 2. function: warms and humidifies inspired air removes foreign particles The mouth and oropharynx are also used for ventilation Conducting airways 传导气道 Upper Airways Lower Airways Larynx (喉)----connects the upper and lower airways endolarynx 喉内部 cartilaginous structure 软骨结构 endolarynx 喉内部 the false vocal cords the true vocal cords glottis (声门) ------ the slit-shaped space (裂缝形成的空间) Conducting airways 传导气