Standardization of surface electromyography utilized to evaluate patients with dysphagia 英文参考文献.docVIP

Head Face Medicine BioMedCentral Methodology Open Access Standardization of surface electromyography utilized to evaluate patients with dysphagia Michael Vaiman*1,2 Address: 1Department of Otolaryngology, Assaf Harofe Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel and 233 Shapiro Street, Bat Yam, 59561, Israel Email: Michael Vaiman* - vaimed@ * Corresponding author Published: 6 June 2007 Received: 13 March 2007 Accepted: 6 June 2007 Head Face Medicine 2007, 3:26 doi:10.1186/1746-160X-3-26 This article is available from: /content/3/1/26 ? 2007 Vaiman; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Backgorund: Patients suspected of having swallowing disorders, could highly benefit from simple diagnostic screening before being referred to specialist evaluations. We introduce surface electromyography (sEMG) to carry out rapid assessment of such patients and propose suggestions for standardizing sEMGs in order to identify abnormal deglutition. Methods: Specifics steps for establishing standards for applying the technique for screening purposes (e.g., evaluation of specific muscles), the requirements for diagnostic sEMG equipment, the sEMG technique itself, and defining the tests suitable for assessing deglutition (e.g., saliva, normal, and excessive swallows and uninterrupted drinking of water) are presented in detail. A previously described normative database for single swallowing and drinking and standard approach to analysis was compared to data on the duration and electric activity of muscles involved in deglutition and with sEMG recordings in order to estimate stages of a swallow. Conclusion: SEM