四川大学线性代数课件第一章第二节 矩阵的转置1汇.pptVIP

第二节 矩阵的转置 * 定义7 矩阵A=(aij)n×n的行列互换所得的矩阵称为A的转置,记为A’或AT A T = Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例1: 转置矩阵满足的运算规律： （AB）T的i 行j 列元素是： A的第j行×B的第i 列 BTAT的i 行j 列元素是： BT的第i行×AT的第j列= （B的第i 列）T×（A的第j 行）T Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. = 也就是 = Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例2 已知 直接计算后再转置： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 先转置后再乘起来（顺序要改变）： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 对称阵的元素以主对角线为对称轴对应相等. 说明： 例3: 设 为 阶方阵，如果满足 ，即 那末 称为对称阵. 对称阵: Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 课后思考 注：对称矩阵的乘积不一定是对称矩阵 例4： 什么时候仍然是对称的呢？ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例5 设列矩阵 满足 证明 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例6： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 思考解答设矩阵A与B为同阶对称阵，证明AB是对称 阵的充要条件为AB=BA. 证： 补充：求矩阵的幂 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.