The Ve-mediated resistance response of the tomato to Verticillium dahliae involves H2O2, peroxidase and lignins and drives PAL gene expression 英文参考文献.docVIP

Gayosoetal.BMCPlantBiology2010,10:232 /1471-2229/10/232 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess TheVe-mediatedresistanceresponseofthetomato toVerticilliumdahliaeinvolvesH2O2 ,peroxidase andligninsanddrivesPALgeneexpression CarmenGayoso1,2,FedericoPomar1,EstherNovo-Uzal1,FuencislaMerino1*,óskarMartínezdeIlárduya3,2 Abstract Background:Verticilliumdahliaeisafungalpathogenthatinfectsawiderangeofhosts.Theonlyknowngenesfor resistancetoVerticilliumintheSolanaceaearefoundinthetomato(Solanumlycopersicum)Velocus,formedbytwo linkedgenes,Ve1andVe2.TocharacterizetheresistanceresponsemediatedbythetomatoVegene,weinoculated twonearlyisogenictomatolines,LA3030(ve/ve)andLA3038(Ve/Ve),withV.dahliae. Results:WefoundinductionofH2O2productioninrootsofinoculatedplants,followedbyanincreasein peroxidaseactivityonlyinrootsofinoculatedresistantplants.Phenylalanine-ammonialyase(PAL)activitywasalso increasedinresistantroots2hoursafterinoculation,whileinductionofPALactivityinsusceptiblerootswasnot seenuntil48hoursafterinoculation.Phenylpropanoidmetabolismwasalsoaffected,withincreasesinferulicacid, p-coumaricacid,vanillinandp-hydroxybenzaldehydecontentsinresistantrootsafterinoculation.SixtomatoPAL cDNAsequences(PAL1-PAL6)werefoundintheSolGenestomatoESTdatabase.RT-PCRanalysisshowedthat thesegeneswereexpressedinallorgansoftheplant,albeitatdifferentlevels.Real-timeRT-PCRindicateddistinct patternsofexpressionofthedifferentPALgenesinV.dahliae-inoculatedroots.Phylogeneticanalysisof48partial PALcDNAscorrespondingto19plantspeciesgroupedangiospermPALsequencesintofourclusters,suggesting functionaldifferencesamongthesixtomatogenes,withPAL2andPAL6presumablyinvolvedinlignification,and theremainingPALgenesimplicatedinotherbiologicalprocesses. Anincreaseinthesynthesisofligninswasfound16and28daysafterinoculationinbothlines;thisincreasewas greaterandfastertodevelopintheresistantline.Inbothresistantandsusceptibleinoculatedplants,anincreasein theratioofguaiacyl/syringylunitswasdetected16daysafterinoculation,resultingfromth