Threshold models with heterogeneous residual variance due to missing information 英文参考文献.docVIP

Warsaw (SGGW-AR), Przejazd 4, OS-840 Brwinow, Poland Agricultural University, *** Department of Dairy Science, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA Threshold model equations are modified to account for unequal variances of residual effects in the underlying scale. Modifications are simple and can be easily incorporated in programs that conduct a threshold model analysis under the usual assumption of homoscedasticity. Les modèles à seuils à variance résiduelle hétérogène Les équations relatives au modèle à seuils peuvent être modifiées afin de prendre en compte des variances résiduelles inégales des effets mesurés sur l’échelle sous-jacente. Les modifications à apporter sont simples et peuvent être aisément incorporées dans les programmes effectuant une analyse par modèle à seuil sous l’hypothèse habituelle d’homoscédasticité. Mots clés : modèle à seuil, évaluation des pères, I. Introduction F OULLEY (G IANOLA EE ,M 1983 ; ARVILLE , H were originally derived assuming that the residuals of the model for the underlying normal variable have constant variance. This may not be true in general. Also, even if the assumption holds, there are certain genetic evaluation models where lack of some Q UAAS et information leads to heterogeneity of residual variance. For example, consider a sire - (TERET V E maternal grandsire model et al., 1979 ;  variance depends on whether or not the sire or maternal grandsire is identified. If any of these ancestors is not identified, its effect is not included in the model, but its variance is added to that of the residual effect. A similar problem arises in ? reduced ? is to present modifications of the threshold model Consider, for example, a sire-maternal grandsire model. This can be written as : ; are the random effects of sires and maternal grandsires, respectively, via the incidence vector ,.ii the identification of the sire of the maternal grandsire may be missing. In these cases, on