Titanium and Ruthenium Phthalocyanines for NO2 Sensors A Mini-Review 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2009, 9, 5277-5297; doi:10.3390/OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Review Titanium and Ruthenium Phthalocyanines for NO2 Sensors: A Mini-Review Anna Maria Paoletti 1,*, Giovanna Pennesi 1, Gentilina Rossi 1, Amanda Generosi 2, Barbara Paci 2 and Valerio Rossi Albertini 2 1 CNR Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede di Montelibretti, P.B. 10, 00016 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; E-Mails: gianna.pennesi@r.it (G.P.); gentilina.rossi@r.it (G.R.) 2 CNR Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Sede di TorVergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100 - 00133 Rome, Italy; E-Mails: amanda.generosi@r.it (A.G.), barbara.paci@r.it (B.P.); valerio.rossi@r.it (V.R.A.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: annamaria.paoletti@r.it; Tel.: +39-0690672556; Fax: +39-0690672327 Received: 20 May 2009; in revised form: 26 June 2009 / Accepted: 2 July 2009 / Published: 6 July 2009 Abstract: This review presents studies devoted to the description and comprehension of phenomena connected with the sensing behaviour towards NO2 of films of two phthalocyanines, titanium bis-phthalocyanine and ruthenium phthalocyanine. Spectroscopic, conductometric, and morphological features recorded during exposure to the gas are explained and the mechanisms of gas-molecule interaction are also elucidated. The review also shows how X-ray reflectivity can be a useful tool for monitoring morphological parameters such as thickness and roughness that are demonstrated to be sensitive variables for monitoring the exposure of thin films of sensor materials to NO2 gas. Keywords: phthalocyanine; X-ray reflectivity; NO2, sensors 1. Introduction Phthalocyanines (Pcs) [1,2] are organic compounds able to act as chemically sensitive films because of the various physical effects induced in them by their interaction with a large number of molecules.  Sensors 2009, 9 5278 They have been widely used