Towards a Sustainable Spatial Organization of the Energy System Backcasting Experiences from Austria 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Towards a Sustainable Spatial Organization of the Energy System Backcasting Experiences from Austria 英文参考文献.doc

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Towards a Sustainable Spatial Organization of the Energy System Backcasting Experiences from Austria 英文参考文献

Sustainability 2012, 4, 193-209; doi:10.3390/su4020193 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/sustainability Article Towards a Sustainable Spatial Organization of the Energy System: Backcasting Experiences from Austria Petra W?chter 1,*, Michael Ornetzeder 1, Harald Rohracher 2, Anna Schreuer 2 and Markus Knoflacher 3 1 Institute of Technology Assessment of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Strohgasse 45/5, 1030 Vienna, Austria; E-Mail: michael.ornetzeder@oeaw.ac.at 2 Inter-University Research Centre for Technology, Work and Culture, Schl?gelgasse 2, 8010 Graz, Austria; E-Mails: rohracher@ifz.tugraz.at (H.R.); schreuer@ifz.tugraz.at (A.S.) 3 Austrian Institute of Technology, Donau-City-Stra?e 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria; E-Mail: Markus.Knoflacher@ait.ac.at * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: petra.waechter@oeaw.ac.at; Tel.: +43-1-51581-6592; Fax: +43-1-7109883. Received: 23 December 2011; in revised form: 19 January 2012 / Accepted: 29 January 2012 / Published: 2 February 2012 Abstract: The transition to a sustainable energy system faces more challenges than a simple replacement of fossil energy sources by renewable ones. Since current structures do not favor sustainable energy generation and use, it is indispensable to change the existing infrastructure. A fundamental change of the energy system also requires re-organizing spatial structures and their respective institutions and governance structures. Especially in Austria, urban sprawl and unsustainable settlement structures are regarded as one of the main developments leading to increased energy demand. One of the aims within the project E-Trans 2050 was to identify socio-economic constellations that are central to the further transformation of the energy system and to focus on actors and their socio-technical framework conditions. Based on a sustainable future vision for the year 2050 a backcasting workshop was conducte