基于新的成像模型的摄像机标定与三维重建.pdfVIP

学兔兔 第32卷 第8期 仪 器 仪 表 学 报 Vo1．32 No．8 2011年8月 Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument Aug．2011 基于新的成像模型的摄像机标定与三维重建冰 曲学军，张 璐，张凌云 (沈阳航空航天大学航空宇航工程学院 沈阳 110136) 摘 要：分析了镜头畸变的形成机理，将实际成像点视为理想成像点依序经过径向畸变与离心畸变作用后形成的图像点，据此 建立了新的摄像机成像数学模型。利用该模型，结合投影变换中的交比不变性实现了各项畸变系数的线性标定。整个标定过 程南3个独立步骤组成，降低了系数间的耦合误差。标定模板采用普通的电脑液晶显示屏。无需专门制作，且方便摆放和调整， 更适l丁：现场标定。在标定过程中保持摄像机与标定模板固定不动，避免了主动视觉方法对高精度控制平台的要求。结合相位 测量系统实现了三维物体的高精度测量。 关键词：摄像机标定；镜头畸变；交比；液晶显示屏 中图分类号：TP391 文献标识码：A 国家标准学科分类代码：520．2040 Camera calibration and 3D rec0nstructi0n based on a new imaging model Qu Xuejun，Zhang Lu，Zhang Lingyun (School of Astronautics，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang，10136，China) Abstract：Based on analyzing the formation mechanism of lens distortion，CCD camera imaging procedure is divided into two separate steps，in which ideal image point is moved to actual image point through one order radial distortion and centrifugal distortion in sequence；then based on this idea，a new imaging mathematical model can be set up． Using this model and cross ratio invariability in projection translation，a linear calibration method for all distortion factors is realized．The whole calibration process is divided into three separate steps，which avoids the error of the method caused by the interaction among all the parameters．An ordinary LCD screen is adopted as the calibration template，which is easy to be positioned and adjusted．During the whole calibration process，the camera and LCD screen are kept stationary，which eliminates the requirement of high precision active vision platform．Using the pro— posed calibration method，high accuracy measurement of 3 D object is performed with a phase