普通语言学基础LanguageandSociety要点.pptx

Language and Society 8.1 The Relatedness between Language and Society 8.2 Variable, Variant and Variation 8.3 Regional Dialect and Its Semantic Extension Table of Contents Contents 8.1 The Relatedness between Language and Society 1 2 society would come to a standstill. language could not even come into being. Without language, Without society, Language and society are closely intertwined. 8.1.1 Possible Relation between Language and Society the nature of the relationship between language and society 01 First Stance social factors influence or determine linguistic structure and linguistic behavior 02 Second Stance linguistic structure and linguistic behavior may influence or even determine social structure 03 Third Stance the influence between language and society is bi-directional 8.1.2 Sociolinguistics Sociolinguistics The linguistic branch that studies the relationship between language and society is called sociolinguistics. “ ” Example 1 (Ray, a student, comes home after school) Ray: Hi, mum. Mum: Hi, youre late. Ray: Yeah, that bastard Sootbucker kept us in again. Mum: Nanas here. Ray: Oh sorry. Where is she? 8.1.2 Example 2 (Leaving school, Ray runs into the school principal.) Ray: Good afternoon, sir. Principle: What are you doing here this time? Ray: Mr. Sutton kept us in, sir. 8.1.2 8.2 Variable, Variant and Variation Example singing singin (ŋ) [ŋ][n] (ŋ):[ŋ]or[n] 8.3 Regional Dialect and Its Semantic Extension Geography is the main reason for the development of a regional dialect. Dialect Continuum Dialect in sociolinguistics Regional Dialect and Its Semantic Extension Example 3 (Telephone rings) Pat: Hello. Caller: Hello, is Mark here? Pat: Yes. Just hold on a minute. Pat(to Mark): Theres a rather well-educated young lady from scotland on the phone for you. “ ” Example 4 Young man: Gidday, what can I do for you? English man: Ive called to see my old mate Don Stone. Young man: Oh, hes dead now mate. “ ” Heres dad now mate. in sociolinguis